Princess Helena’s Marriage Splits Queen Victoria’s Family

Christian_and_helena

Princess Helena and her fiancée, Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (1865) http://crownstiarasandcoronets.blogspot.com/2016/06/princess-helena-of-uk-princess-of.html

Princess Helena chose to marry Prince Christian, one of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburgs. On the maternal side, Prince Christian held ties to a Danish noble family, as well as to the British royal family. His grandmother was the granddaughter of Frederick, King George II’s son. He was 15 years Helena’s senior. Unfortunately, the prince appeared older than he actually was, a fact that Victoria remarked upon on numerous occasions. Moreover, Christian was not the most intelligent of men (certainly nothing in the manner of Victoria’s “dear Albert”). He was not sophisticated or ambitious or very amiable. Nor did he possess a fortune worthy of Victoria’s daughter.

(For more on Helena’s path to marriage, see Princess Helena Escapes Queen Victoria’s Heavy  Thumb.)

According to Jerrold M. Packard in his Victoria’s Daughters (New York. St Martin’s. 1998. pages 112-113, the Prusso-Danish war “… would have a profound impact on Queen Victoria’s third daughter as the Augustenburg family became a second casualty of all this Realpolitik. A younger son of the Augustenburgs, who were a branch of the Schleswig-Holstein family, Christian recognized that his family were no longer practical candidates for a throne of the duchies. This signified that his own future was pretty much bereft of recognizable landmarks, and specifically that he was free from any dynastic responsibility at home. Yet even with the issue of Christian’s political liabilities largely obviated by his family’s loss to Bismark’s scheming and Prussia’s strength, his own personal lack of desirability would drive a wedge between members of Lenchen’s family.” 

When Bismarck gained control of the provinces of Schleswig and Holstein (at Denmark’s expense), he transformed his military into one of the world’s greatest and himself into an adversary the rest of the world needed to beware. The Danish king had owned Schleswig since 1815. Meanwhile, the duke of Augustenburg claimed both Schleswig and Holstein. . The duke was the personal friend of Frederick tIII, Princess Victoria’s husband. Bismarck’s plans included replacing the Hapsburg Austrian leadership with a Hohenzollern Prussian one. The Prussians and Austrian armies defeated the Danes in Schleswig and Holstein. The Austrians  pressed to have the Augustenburg family (Christian’s family) govern the two states, but two years later, Bismarck turned his discontent on Austria for vocally expressing its disdain for the Prussian occupation of the duchies to eliminate Austrian rule in Germany.

Christian’s Augustenburg family were no longer candidates for the throne of the duchies. Prince Christian’s dynastic responsibility were eliminated by Bismarck’s scheming. His lack of “merit” became an issue within Queen Victoria’s family. Victoria’s eldest, Princess Victoria and Frederick III strongly supported Christian’s family’s claim to the two duchies, for Christian’s family had long been welcomed at the Neues Palais. Meanwhile, Albert Edward (Bertie) held a different opinion. Bertie’s wife, Alexandra, was Princess of Denmark, daughter of the monarch, and the Augustenburg family were the enemy of Denmark. Alexandra supported her father’s claim to Schleswig. Bertie threatened to “disown” his family if they ignored his and his wife’s objections to Prince Christian. 

Princes Louise agreed with her eldest sister, mainly because she recognized Helena’s desire to be from Victoria’s rule. Princess Alice sided with Bertie. Alice believed the marriage would upset the Hohenzollerns, who considered the Augustenburg faction as too liberal. Alice thought it foolish to rile Princess Victoria’s powerful in-laws. Alice also thought that Prince Christian was too old for Helena, but, moreover, she thought that her mother was too dependent upon Helena. The queen had insisted that Helena and Prince Christian reside in England. Alice’s objections to Christian made her a target for Queen Victoria’s venomous complaints regarding her daughter. 

Alice, however, proved herself the better person. She was the one who convinced Bertie to attend the wedding when he threatened to boycott it. Alice also reminded Bertie that England had stood against the Hohenzollerns’ objections when Albert decided to marry Alexandra. 

Two years passed before the actual marriage took place, smack dab in the middle of the Austro-Prussian War. “On a family level, this second of Bismarck’s wars split Victoria’s progeny and their spouses between the Belligerents, Fritz (Frederick III) commanding the Prussian troops, Alice’s husband leading Hessian forces in support of the Austrian Army. The state of affairs kept Vicky and Alice away from the wedding, which in all likelihood, was for the best.Despite the bitter feelings over Christian’s entering her family, Lenchen’s (Helena’s) wedding day – July 5, 1866 – represented a personal triumph for this most timid of the five sisters, and the one that would happily spare the bride the political trials her two already married sisters were to endure in their more consequential marriage. What was more, these nuptials were not celebrated with the deafening gloom that overlaid those that had joined Alice and Louis.” (Packard 115)

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The Wedding of Princess Helena & Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (Christian Karl Magnussen, 1866) http://crownstiarasandcoronets.blogspot.com/2016/06/princess-helena-of-uk-princess-of.html

 

Posted in British history, family, history, kings and queens, marriage, political stance, Victorian era | Tagged , , , , , , | Comments Off on Princess Helena’s Marriage Splits Queen Victoria’s Family

The Trauma of PTSD and How It Plays Out in The Prosecution of Mr. Darcy’s Cousin, a 2016 Finalist for the Chanticleer International Book Awards

ptsd_brain1.pngIn my The Prosecution of Mr. Darcy’s Cousin: A Pride and Prejudice Mystery, Darcy’s cousin Major General Fitzwilliam (the former Colonel Fitzwilliam from Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice) suffers from what we would now call “PTSD.” During the Regency there was no such distinction. The most one might consider as a diagnosis for the effects of many years in war was “melancholia.” Yet, melancholia was also the diagnosis for the most severely deranged. Bethlem Royal Hospital was the destination for those considered mentally ill. BRH was the first hospital to specialize in the treatment of those “not in their right mind.” Historically, the hospital proved to represent the worst excesses of asylums in the realm of mental disorders and lunacy during its early years. Mental health reforms were slow coming. It is from this hospital’s name that we derive the word “bedlam.”

PTSD is not a new condition. It existed since the beginning of time. There are references to the “madness” in Shakespeare, Dickens, the Bible, Mahabharata, Aristotle, Homer, and the like. We are now more knowledgeable of the trauma that any life-changing event can cause a human (war, rape, natural disasters, etc.). But in the time of the Regency period in England, no one had a name for what surely must have claimed more than one man returning to “normalcy” after all the years of the Napoleonic War. Yet, it was 1980 before the term Post Traumatic Stress Disorder entered the English vocabulary.

Over the years, the disorder with termed as nostalgia, melancholy, homesickness, soldier’s heart, hysteria, neurasthenia, ester root, railway spine, compensation sickness, combat exhaustion, shell shock, compensation sickness, and stress response syndrome. It was not until after World War II that psychologists classified the illness as a form of trauma. Unfortunately, early physicians thought of the illness as temporary in nature and returning home would solve the situation.

The National Center for PTSD says, “PTSD is unique among psychiatric diagnoses because of the great importance placed upon the etiological agent, the traumatic stressor. In fact, one cannot make a PTSD diagnosis unless the patient has actually met the “stressor criterion,” which means that he or she has been exposed to an event that is considered traumatic. Clinical experience with the PTSD diagnosis has shown, however, that there are individual differences regarding the capacity to cope with catastrophic stress. Therefore, while most people exposed to traumatic events do not develop PTSD, others go on to develop the full-blown syndrome. Such observations have prompted the recognition that trauma, like pain, is not an external phenomenon that can be completely objectified. Like pain, the traumatic experience is filtered through cognitive and emotional processes before it can be appraised as an extreme threat. Because of individual differences in this appraisal process, different people appear to have different trauma thresholds, some more protected from and some more vulnerable to developing clinical symptoms after exposure to extremely stressful situations. Although there is currently a renewed interest in subjective aspects of traumatic exposure, it must be emphasized that events such as rape, torture, genocide, and severe war zone stress are experienced as traumatic events by nearly everyone.”

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PoMDC Cover-3 copy The Prosecution of Mr. Darcy’s Cousin: A Pride and Prejudice Mystery

Fitzwilliam Darcy is enjoying his marital bliss. His wife, the former Elizabeth Bennet, presented him two sons and a world of contentment. All is well until “aggravation” rears its head when Darcy receives a note of urgency from his sister Georgiana. In truth, Darcy never fully approved of Georgiana’s joining with their cousin, Major General Edward Fitzwilliam, for Darcy assumed the major general held Georgiana at arm’s length, dooming Darcy’s sister to a life of unhappiness.
Dutifully, Darcy and Elizabeth rush to Georgiana’s side when the major general leaves his wife and daughter behind, with no word of his whereabouts and no hopes of Edward’s return. Forced to seek his cousin in the slews of London’s underbelly, at length, Darcy discovers the major general and returns Fitzwilliam to his family.
Even so, the Darcys’ troubles are far from over. During the major general’s absence from home, witnesses note Fitzwilliam’s presence in the area of two horrific murders. When Edward Fitzwilliam is arrested for the crimes, Darcy must discover the real culprit before the authorities hanged his cousin and the Fitzwilliam name knew a lifetime of shame.
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Excerpt (Scene ~ Elizabeth observes Georgiana in the nursery at Yadkin Hall. Georgiana’s husband, Major General Fitzwilliam, abandoned his wife and child.) 

Georgiana did not realize Elizabeth was in the nursery when the girl entered: Elizabeth came to sit on the floor beside Bennet’s bed to rest a comforting hand on her son after the child awakened with dreams of dragons. Elizabeth sat in the dark shadows and silently observed her sister-in-marriage.

Although in obvious turmoil, Georgiana closed her eyes to listen to the soft “snore” of her daughter. Earlier Darcy’s sister admitted to Elizabeth that since the major general’s exit, only quiet moments with their child brought Georgiana any harmony. During the day’s growing tension, Georgiana insisted they would receive word from Darcy in the late post, but Elizabeth reasoned Darcy was in the Capital less than a day.

“It is too soon,” Elizabeth insisted, despite the look of hope upon the girl’s countenance.

Poor Georgiana! Darcy’s sister convinced her foolish heart that if Edward meant to return, he would do so when Darcy confronted him.

Over the four years of Elizabeth’s dwelling at Pemberley, she learned something of the girl’s nature: Georgiana always professed to be a very practical woman, one who recognized how life’s troubles made a person stronger; however, Elizabeth knew at her core that the girl possessed a romantic heart. Lamentably, when Georgiana married the major general, Darcy’s sister assumed her husband possessed the same sensible nature, as did all the Fitzwilliam men. Needless to say, the girl erred.
         Elizabeth watched as Georgiana hugged herself tightly and stared down upon her sleeping child. Georgiana’s earlier tear-filled confession in a moment of weakness surprised Elizabeth. The girl spoke of a most troubling incident.

“I suppose I should not say this,” Georgiana whispered through a hiccuping sob and her painful admittance. “But I know you will forgive me for being so forward. I must tell someone.”

“I am as always your confidant,” Elizabeth assured.

With downcast eyes, Georgiana confessed.

“It is wanton of me to say, but I miss the exquisite feel of Edward’s hand upon my skin and the sound of his voice as he calls my name. I miss all the little things, Elizabeth: The gurgle of a snore when he sleeps, the way his eyes meet mine, even in a crowded room. With him, I knew the end of loneliness, a feeling, which haunted me my entire life. My mother’s early passing marked me as a single.”

Bitterness laced the girl’s tone.

“As you will recall from my girlish confessions in those early days of our acquaintance, I fell in love with my cousin when I was but fourteen, but Edward was seven and twenty at the time, and he had a life in Town. It was the pain of young love thwarted, which drove me to foster a relationship with George Wickham, an act that nearly ruined my chances of knowing my cousin’s tenderness. Lacking the sensibility of one more mature to recognize the foolishness of my choices, I sought the familiarity of Mr. Wickham’s acquaintance to replace the love I thought never to possess.”

At the time, Elizabeth wondered if the same could not be said of Georgiana’s choice of Edward: Neither Georgiana nor the major general was prepared to know a deep, trusting love.

With a shudder of dread, the girl continued.

“Elizabeth, I must speak of what occurred at Yadkin Hall or I shall go mad. However, you must promise me you will not share what I say with Darcy. My brother would act with honor, and one of us would wear widow weeds.”

“You have my word,” Elizabeth assured. “If I may be of service to you, speak from your heart.”

However, Elizabeth possessed no idea how far the situation at Yadkin Hall deteriorated.

As Georgiana’s tears increased, Darcy’s sister buried her forehead into Elizabeth’s shoulders.

“One day, perhaps a fortnight prior, I innocently strolled into the estate chapel to say my prayers; instead, I found Edward kneeling at the altar, a gun positioned beneath his chin.”

Her sister in marriage’s pronouncement shook Elizabeth’s customary resolve. How had things come to know such an end?

“I heard my husband cock the hammer, and pure terror filled me. Do you see? Edward thought to take his life. Here I was thinking we found happiness—that having me as his wife pleased him.”

Georgiana laced her fingers through Elizabeth’s, and Elizabeth held tight to both her growing anxiousness and the girl’s hand.

“I was afraid to call out–afraid my voice might jar Edward into action. I watched in interested horror, praying my husband would not pull the trigger. Unable to say anything, I backed from the vestibule, and then I pretended to approach again, this time, humming the lullaby I sing to our child at night. I meant the song to serve as a reminder of the good things in our life. It was all of which I could think to prevent Edward’s dudgeon claiming him. As I reentered the chapel, the major general returned the gun to a pocket and plastered a smile of greeting upon his lips; yet, I am no longer so naïve.”

“Have you also known the major general’s ire,” Elizabeth asked as Georgiana hid her face deeper in Elizabeth’s shoulder.
Elizabeth prompted Georgiana’s response.

“I apologize for my impertinence, but I noticed earlier that you do not move with your customary grace, as if you suffered a fall, and there is the remnants of a bruise, which appears to be fingerprints, upon your arm, just above your sleeve.”

“Please tell me Darcy did not observe what you did!”

“Men are not so sharp-eyed as they would like to think,” Elizabeth assured.

“It was my fault,” Georgiana declared. “I wished to know whether Edward was happy in Oxfordshire or not, and my shrewish tongue was too much for my husband to bear. He did not strike me, Elizabeth. I swear it is true. I stepped into Edward’s path when he meant to quit the room, and he shoved me from his way. I hit the wall to the left of the hearth in his quarters. The look upon the major general’s countenance spoke of instant regret, and all I suffered were a few bruises. You must not speak to Darcy of this, but I believe the incident and the one earlier in the chapel precipitated Edward’s speedy exit. If Darcy knew of the incident, my brother would defend my honor against my husband, and I would lose one of the two men I love most dearly.”

Georgiana’s voice in the darkness brought Elizabeth to the present.

“I can tolerate the pain of knowing Edward’s displeasure.”

As Elizabeth looked on from the silent corner, Georgiana traced the curve of Colleen’s cheek.

“If your Papa will simply return to us, I can bear it all.”

Elizabeth never witnessed Darcy’s sister so distraught.

“There is room in my heart for one more private ache. All I wish is for you, my Sweet One, to know your father’s love. I can live without love if Edward would return for you. A child should never spend her life without knowing both her parents’ affections.”

Elizabeth felt tears forming in her eyes. Georgiana concealed her deepest pains, even from her brother. The girl suffered dearly from being the cause of her mother’s death.
        Quietly, Georgiana moved to where she could look out upon the night, and Elizabeth sank deeper into the shadows. In the moonlight, Elizabeth could observe how worry and pretense left its mark upon Georgiana’s features. Harsh lines appeared around her sister’s eyes. The girl shivered before resting her forehead against the glass.

“The major general thinks I do not know he reaches for me only when he wishes to silence my questions.”

Georgiana’s tone spoke of the heartache of unfulfilled dreams.

“All, which remains, is the hollowness I knew all my life.”

The girl sighed in acceptance.

“Sixteen months,” Georgiana admitted in chastising tones. “I had sixteen months of happiness. It is enough. I have Colleen and Darcy and Elizabeth and my nephews. It is foolish for me to think I could also claim Edward’s love. I must not covet what others possess. I must make myself act with Christian forgiveness and make my marriage as tolerable as possible.”

 

Posted in Austen Authors, British history, Great Britain, Jane Austen, Living in the Regency, Regency era | Tagged , , , , , , | 14 Comments

Do You Know the History of ®Murine Eye Drops?

I am forever adding allergy drops to stop my eyes from itching and later adding eye drops to prevent the dryness. It got me thinking…

heritage.jpg Murine UK tells us this about the history of ®Murine: “The Murine® Eye Drops brand was first launched in the 1970’s with a pharmacy strength eye drop containing a medicine known as a vasoconstrictor, which acts by constricting the blood vessels in the eyes to reduce redness. Over the years, the Murine® range of products has continued to grow, offering specialist solutions for a number of common eye conditions such as red, dry and hayfever eyes.”

However I found a “more interesting” tale about ®Murine. I do not know whether it is true or not, but it a grand story. 

Otis F. Hall was one of the three founders of the Murine Eye Remedy Company, serving as its secretary and general manager. He was born in Auburn, New York, in October 1848, but soon found himself and his family in Michigan. He entered the banking business as a cashier at the People’s Bank of Manchester, and later he joined a private banking business with J. A. Sexton in Detroit. He spent time with the Second National Bank of Detroit, the D. M. Perry Company, and the Gale Sulky Harrow Company. At length, Hall traveled to the West Coast and founded the Old National Bank of Seattle. It was from there that the story of Murine came about. 

Screen Shot 2017-03-14 at 2.36.41 PM copy 2According to the story, around 1890, Otis F. Hal was discussing a broken shoe on a friend’s horse. As he bent to examine the shoe, the horse swished his tail, which struck Hall in the right eye, cutting the cornea’s surface. An ulcer developed. When nothing he tried had proven beneficial, Hall and his son traveled to Chicago to engage the most renowned ophthalmologists of the time, Doctors James B. and George W. McFatrich.

Under the doctors care, Hall’s eye healed within a few weeks. Moreover, Hall’s son was also cured of a minor eye irritation. The doctors used a specially prepared eye lotion that they had compounded in their lab. Mr. Hall, recognizing an opportunity, pressed the doctors to make the compound available upon a wider basis. However, the McFatrich brothers were not easily persuaded. It took Hall several years to convince them to mass produce the mixture. Hall and the McFatrichs formed the Murine Eye Remedy Company, naming the product after the chemical formula – muriate of berberine. They used the “mur” + “ine” from the two words, creating ®Murine.

The trio also founded the Northern Illinois College of Ophthalmology and Otology of Chicago. Hall died in October 1918.

 

 

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A Walk Through Green Park from Guest Author, Joana Starnes

 This is a repeat performance from the archives  from my dear friend, Joana Starnes, who gives us a brief look at London’s Green Park, which plays a pivotal role in Ms. Starnes’s Austen-inspired The Second Chance: A Pride and Prejudice/Sense and Sensibility Variation . 

51xQRHHwoBL When drawn to Jane Austen’s world, we readers attempt to find glimpses of Regency London, but sadly we are often disappointed. Two hundred years have elapsed, bringing along hordes of Victorian improvements, air raids, the dreaded 1960s-70s, also known as the ‘decades that taste forgot’, and the necessary growth of a city which could not be expected to remain frozen in time – much as some of us would have liked it to!

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Green Park, London. Canada Gate, located on the south side of the park via Wikipedia

 Green Park and Piccadilly are no exception. No longer associated with the glamour of Devonshire House, long demolished, the junction between Piccadilly and Berkeley Street is now known for the glitz and glamour of The Ritz. Many other townhouses that customarily graced this area are no longer standing, or are substantially altered.

The only mansion that seems unchanged is the one overlooking Green Park: Spencer House, built by the ancestors of Diana, Princess of Wales. Alongside it runs the Queen’s Walk, that used to be greatly favoured in Jane Austen’s time and also before then, as a place to see and be seen.

Green_Park,_London_-_April_2007

via Wikipedia

 Green Park is virtually featureless these days – but a very different vista would have opened before one’s eyes in the early 1800s. A wide open space, not quite so cluttered with trees and allowing a good view of Queen’s Palace, later to become Buckingham Palace. At the other end of the Park, near Piccadilly, one could still see the Queen’s Basin, a reservoir that provided water for St James’s Palace and was adorned with a tall sprinkling fountain. And further down Queen’s Walk stood the Queen’s Library – all named in honour of Queen Caroline, wife of George II.

There is a large collection of engravings on the British Museum website. If you follow the link, the viewer will see one that shows what Mr. Darcy might have seen, if he strolled into Green Park: the reservoir and fountain, the path leading to the Queen’s Library to the left, and Westminster Abbey in the distance.

In my own works of fiction, I’ve chosen to believe that Mr Darcy’s townhouse would have been in Berkeley Square, quite close to Grosvenor Square, Miss Bingley’s oh-so-fashionable address; also very close to the glamorous Devonshire House and Lansdowne House, and a few doors down from Mr. Canning, the Foreign Secretary who fought a duel on Wimbledon Common with Lord Castlereagh, the then Secretary of State for War, over a difference of opinion regarding the Peninsular Campaign – hard as it might be nowadays to imagine politicians settling their differences in this manner!

So, why am I taking you on this trip down memory lane? Just to show the setting of an excerpt from my latest book ‘The Second Chance’.

Hoping for a modicum of peace in times of deep regrets, uncertainty and anguish, Mr. Darcy wanders off from his house to stroll through Berkeley Square, under the same plane trees that Jane Austen herself might have walked past, on her way to Gunther’s, the famous pastry-shop.

And then he makes his way towards Green Park and, unbeknownst to him, towards a most fortuitous encounter…

~ ** ~

EXCERPT from The Second Chance: Bingley had not written yet, of course! He would sooner travel to town on foot than set pen to paper, Darcy thought with more than the customary irritation. The very notion that he was wasting precious days because he did not know where he should seek her was driving him to distraction!

Was travelling to Netherfield his only option, then – to go and ask Bingley, face to face? He frowned, knowing full well he would, if it came to that, though heaven knows how he was to justify such a drastic course of action to his friend without giving rise to speculations or, worse still, to questions that he had no answers for!

Darcy stopped pacing and dropped the post back on his desk. He lowered himself in the great chair and rubbed his temples. He had spent a large part of the morning poring over estate business, and the struggle to give it his undivided attention had brought on a headache. As with everything in recent months, it was impossible to give anything his undivided attention!

He cast another glance at his papers, then pushed them from him and stood. It was no use, and he was getting nowhere! He rubbed his temples again. He needed a respite – from his papers, from this house, from himself!

He should go out. To his club? Nay, he could not bear it! To Hatchard’s, perhaps? Or his favourite small bookseller’s in York Street? Pall Mall maybe, to buy some music for his sister, to follow the pianoforte he had recently acquired for her – although he knew full well that gifts would not compensate for his absence, nor would they assuage his guilt for having left her for so long with none but Mrs. Annesley for company. Still, it could not be helped. At least this time he had assured himself that the lady was eminently trustworthy and it was plain to see that Georgiana was very comfortable with her.

Darcy sighed. He knew that although he ought to, he could not return to Pemberley. Not yet. Perhaps the answer was to ask his sister if she would be willing to travel to town sometime soon.

He walked to the window and pushed the curtains aside, then opened one of the small casements. There was some rain in the early morning, but then most of the clouds were blown away. The gust of fresh air that brushed over his face was cool and pleasantly refreshing. A walk? Perhaps. It might settle his headache. Aye. A walk would suit him very well indeed!

Darcy took a deep breath as the heavy door of his London home closed behind him and finished putting on his gloves. He pondered his direction for a moment, and then he shrugged. Anywhere would do. Green Park was the nearest, and the Queen’s Library ensconced there, in a small pavilion, was proven well-worth visiting in the past.

He ambled along Berkeley Street, crossed the noisy madness that was Piccadilly and wandered into Green Park through the tall wrought-iron gates. He walked slowly past the Reservoir, his gaze wandering over the wide expanse of green, broken here and there by lime trees and tall chestnuts. He smiled to himself, safe in the knowledge that although the Queen’s Walk might be fashionable with some, the time of day was anything but, and he would not be plagued by encounters with the denizens of the West End and their progeny.

He regretted for a brief moment that he had not taken his latest purchase from York Street with him. It would have been quite pleasant to find an unobtrusive bench and enjoy a good book and a moment’s peace, if any could be found!

Seemingly, the notion had occurred to at least two others. Just in front of him, on a quiet alley, two young ladies appeared absorbed in their books. Or perhaps not so absorbed. One of them, suddenly distracted, abandoned her volume on the seat, stood and moved a few steps away from her companion, only to turn and look into the sky, her palm sheltering her eyes from the sunlight.

What was she looking for, Darcy wondered, his curiosity piqued despite himself. Clouds? Swallows? Were there any young ladies left in London who would show an interest in something so mundane as a lovely day? Or indeed an interest in anything at all, rather than exuding what was deemed to be a highly fashionable ennui?

Darcy looked again, then stared. It must be another figment of his imagination, surely! It could not possibly be–…!

“Elizabeth? By God, Elizabeth!” his voice came in a quiet whisper and before he knew how it came about, he found himself a few steps from her, his countenance unrestrainedly suffused in all the joy such a fortuitous encounter brought him.

“Miss Bennet! What a wonderful surprise!” he said, before he could even attempt to remember common civility, or his habitual reserve – only to find to his extreme mortification that he immediately followed it with, “You are looking remarkably well!”

‘Good grief!’, he mentally chastised himself. Could he possibly have been more gauche?

Why, yes, in fact. He could have said ‘You look even more beautiful than I remembered’, which were the very words on his mind at the time, he futilely reasoned.

“Mr. Darcy!”

The unexpected encounter and his surprisingly warm welcome made Elizabeth more open in her greeting than she might otherwise have been. Instead of a restrained curtsy, she offered him her hand. Darcy took it, belatedly remembering to bow over it, and the cheeks of both were overspread with the deepest blush. Darcy nervously cleared his voice and looked away, then down at his feet.

But no, this would not do! This unexpected, wonderful chance! What fool would waste it on mere commonplaces? He swallowed and, uncharacteristically, threw reserve and caution to the wind as he offered quietly but earnestly:

“I consider myself very fortunate to have happened upon this spot, Miss Bennet. ‘Tis far too long since I had the pleasure of seeing you.”

“Indeed, it has been a while, Sir.”

“Over seven months, I believe. We have not met since the 26th of November, when I had the honour of dancing with you at Netherfield.”

Elizabeth looked up in surprise to find his memory so exact and for a few brief moments their eyes met, before she looked away. His openness of manner was nothing short of extraordinary and although she found it pleasing, Elizabeth knew not what to make of it.

~ ** ~

I wonder, what do you make of it? If you enjoyed this excerpt and would like more details about this and my other books, they can be found here: Books by Joana Starnes or at http://www.joanastarnes.co.uk/

You can also find me on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/joana.a.starnes

and Twitter at

http://www.twitter.com/Joana_Starnes

 

Posted in book excerpts, British history, buildings and structures, giveaway, Jane Austen, Uncategorized, writing | Tagged , , , | 66 Comments

18th Century Folk Tune: “English Country Garden”

HGTV2501174-gardens-rms_perennials-minnesota-triciaf_s4x3.jpg.rend.hgtvcom.966.725.jpegEnglish Country Garden is well known in the United Kingdom, English Country Gardens was originally a Morris tune (that is a tune usually played on the accordion or violin to accompany traditional English Morris dancing).  The tune was collected by Cecil Sharp, and has more or less entered the contemporary British national consciousness. (Acoustic Music Archive)

According to WikipediaCountry Gardens is an English folk tune collected by Cecil Sharp,the founding father of the folk-song revival  in England in the early 20th century, and arranged for piano in 1918 by Percy Grainger,an Australian-born composer, arranger and pianist. In 2008, Country Gardens was added to the National Film and Sound Archive’s Sounds of Australia registry. A version of Country Gardens appears in the Quaker’s Opera  of 1728.

The tune and the Percy Aldridge Grainger arrangement for piano and orchestra is a favourite with school orchestras, and other performances of the work include morris dancing. Jimmie Rodgers  sang a well-known version (“English Country Garden”), which reached Number 5 in the UK charts in June 1962. Anglo-Australian comedian Rolf Harris recorded a satire of the Rodgers version in the 1970s. Comedian Allan Sherman  used this melody as the tune for his 1963 song, “Here’s to the Crabgrass.” 

How many kinds of sweet flowers grow
In an English country garden?
We’ll tell you now of some that we know
Those we miss you’ll surely pardon
Daffodils, heart’s ease and phlox
Meadowsweet and lady smocks
Gentian, lupin and tall hollyhocks
Roses, foxgloves, snowdrops, forget-me-nots
In an English country garden


How many insects come here and go
In an English country garden?
We’ll tell you now of some that we know
Those we miss you’ll surely pardon
Fireflies, moths and bees
Spiders climbing in the trees
Butterflies drift in the gentle breeze
There are snakes, ants that sting
And other creeping things
In an English country garden


How many songbirds fly to and fro
In an English country garden?
We’ll tell you now of some that we know
Those we miss you’ll surely pardon
Bobolink, cuckoo and quail
Tanager and cardinal
Bluebird, lark, thrush and nightingale
There is joy in the spring
When the birds begin to sing
In an English country garden

imgres.jpg You Tube: PERCY GRAINGER: Country Gardens 

220px-Jimmie_Rodgers_1968.JPG You Tube: Jimmie Rodgers – English Country Garden

 

Posted in ballads, British history, music, Napoleonic Wars, Uncategorized | Tagged , , , , , | 7 Comments

Announcing More Winners from Regina Jeffers’s “A Dance with Mr. Darcy” Giveaway

winners_are.png These are the winners from the various giveaways associated with the release of A Dance with Mr. Darcy. All winners were chosen by Random.org. Each date will have two winners of eBooks of A Dance with Mr. Darcy listed and will be updated regularly

Announcement for Sunday, March 26

March 21 – Every Woman Dreams Blog: Historical Handfasting as a Plot Point in “A Dance with Mr. Darcy” (ends March 24)

Gerri Bowen 

Anji 

March 22 – Every Woman Dreams Blog: Was an Annulment Possible in the Regency? (ends March 25)

darcyluvr 

Lynn Bischoff

_______________________________

Announcement for Sunday, April 2

March 24 (ends at midnight March 26) – Every Woman Dreams Blog: St. Agnes Eve, a Plot Point in “A Dance with Mr. Darcy”

mbresticker

Patty Edmisson

March 24 (ends March 28) – Darcyholic Diversion 

Becky C

Kate B

March 27 (ends March 30) – Austen Authors 

Rebecca Odom 

Carole in Canada

Suzanne Fraz

March 28 – Every Woman Dreams Blog: Mythical Handfasting (ends March 31)

Ginna

Anita P

March 29 – Every Woman Dreams Blog: The History of St. Agnes Eve (ends April 1)

Glynis

Jacqui

———————————————————

March 31 – Every Savage Can Dance (ends April 3) 

Anna 

Dung 

A Dance With Mr Darcy copy

Posted in book excerpts, book release, British history, Church of England, eBooks, Georgian Era, giveaway, historical fiction, history, Jane Austen, marriage, marriage customs, Pride and Prejudice, romance, Scotland, servant life, Vagary | Tagged , , , , , , , , | 4 Comments

Announcing the Winners of Brenda Webb’s “Brother Can You Spare a Dime?” Giveaway

and-the-winner-is.png We at Every Woman Dreams are pleased to announce the winners of Brenda Webb‘s “Brother Can You Spare a Dime?” Giveaway. Random. org has chosen… 

Nancy Dworak   (and)   Luisa 1111 as the winners  of an eBook from Ms. Webb.  Brenda will contact the winners personally to make arrangements for the eBook delivery. The winners will have their choice of these titles. 

51iV6TC2NmL._UY250_.jpg 51jsehmfatl-_uy250_ 51nRaIxYZxL._UY250_.jpg 51M8w-WorBL._UY250_.jpg 51-e24YjlCL._UY250_.jpg 51rZNlyaHGL._UY250_.jpg

Posted in giveaway, Guest Post, Uncategorized | Tagged , , | 2 Comments

Why Do We Call a Toilet a “John”?

220px-Sir_John_Harington_by_Hieronimo_Custodis Sir John Harington was a courtier, translator, a not so successful poet of the Elizabethan era. Harington’s father married an illegitimate daughter of Henry VIII. His second wife was attendant to Princess Elizabeth, and Queen Elizabeth I stood as godmother to John, who was educated at Eton, Cambridge, and Lincoln’s Inn. Despite all these accomplishment, Harington’s fame came from inventing the flush toilet.

Unfortunately, Elizabeth banished Harington from her Court because he translated a lewd tale the 16th century Italian poet Ariosto. The ladies of the Court complained to the queen of the nature of the tale. Elizabeth sent him away until he could translate the whole of Ariosto’s epic poem, Orlando Furioso. She chose this punishment rather than actually banishing him, but she considered the task so difficult that it was assumed Harington would not bother to comply. Harington, however, chose to follow through with the request and completed the translation in 1591. His translation received great praise, and is one of the translations still read by English speakers today.

During his ‘exile’, 1584-91, he built himself a house, and devised and installed the first flushing lavatory, which he named Ajax. Eventually Queen Elizabeth forgave him, and visited his house at Kelston in 1592. Harrington proudly showed-off his new invention, and the Queen herself tried it out! She was so impressed it seems, that she ordered one for herself. His water-closet had a pan with an opening at the bottom, sealed with a leather -faced valve. A system of handles, levers and weights poured in water from a cistern, and opened the valve.

In spite of the Queen’s enthusiasm for this new invention, the public remained faithful to the chamber-pot. These were usually emptied from an upstairs window into the street below, and in France, the cry ‘gardez-l’eau’ gave warning to the people below to take evasive action. This phrase ‘gardez-l’eau’ may have been the origin of the English nickname for the lavatory, the ‘loo’.

flush

Waste disposal: Harington’s flush toilet describred in ‘A New Discourse of a Stale Subject, called the Metamorphosis of Ajax’, 1596

Around this time, Harington also devised Britain’s first flushing toilet–called the Ajax (i.e., a “jakes”—jakes being an old slang word for toilet). It was installed at his manor in Kelston. He also installed a flush toilet in Queen Elizabeth’s palace at Richmond in Surrey. In 1596, Harington wrote a book called A New Discourse upon a Stale Subject: The Metamorphosis of Ajax about his invention. He published it under the pseudonym of Misacmos. The book made political allusions to the Earl of Leicester that angered the Queen. The book was a coded attack on the stercus or excrement that was poisoning society with torture and state-sponsored “libels” against his relatives Thomas Markham and Ralph Sheldon. After the publication of this work he was again banished from the court. The Queen’s mixed feelings for him may have been the only thing that saved Harington from being tried at Star Chamber. The work itself enjoyed considerable popularity on its publication in 1596.

In 1599 he went on a military expedition to Ireland, winning a knighthood. His barbed epigrams and wanton writings gave too much offense, particularly under James I, to advance him beyond a reputation as Elizabeth’s “saucy godson.”

cummingswatercloset

Cumming’s water closet patented in 1775 (source:http://www.theplumber.com/closet.html) It was almost two hundred years later in 1775 that a flushing water-closet was first patented by an Alexander Cummings of London, a device similar to Harrington’s Ajax. In 1848 a Public Health Act ruled that every new house should have a ‘ w.c., privy, or ash-pit’. It had taken nearly 250 years for Sir John Harrington’s water closet to become universal …it cannot be said that the British embrace all new inventions with enthusiasm, despite Royal Approval!

And just because it is Friday, let us get your blood churning. Here is an FYI: Kit Harington stars on “Game of Thrones” as Jon Snow. In numerous interviews, he’s revealed that his ancestor is Sir John Harington, the inventor of the first flushing toilet in Britain in the 16th century. Not only is Kit Harington the relative of  Sir John Harington, but he suggests that same ancestor might be the very reason we call a toilet “the John.” 

jon-snow-game-of-thrones.jpg

Resources:

“The erudite courtier, and inventor of the flush water closet, died on November 20th, 1612.” History Today 

“History of the Flushed Toilet,” Toiletology 

“John Harington, Writer,” Wikpedia 

“Sir John Harington, English Author,” Britannica 

“The Throne of Sir John Harrington,” Historic UK  

Posted in British history, Elizabethan drama, poetry, real life tales, Tudors | Tagged , , , , , , , | 10 Comments

Georgian Era Commerce – Part II: The West India Docks and the London Docks

This is the second part of a look at the commercial trades during the Georgian Era. If you missed part one, you will find it HERE

The cargo-handling docks of the early 1800s included the West India Dock, the London Dock, the Greenland Docks, the East India Docks, and later the St. Katherine’s Docks. 

Robert Milligan, a wealthy West Indies shipowner, was the spearhead behind the construction of the West India Docks. Milligan suffered numerous losses due to thefts and delays at London’s Thames wharves, and so he organized a group of like-minded businessmen, including George Hibbert, the chairman of the West India Merchants of London. Hibbert promoted the idea of a wet dock circled by a high wall. With Parliament’s permission, the group formed the West India Dock Company. In 1799, the West India Docks were authorized by Parliament (not by the municipality of London). 

West India Docks by Augustus Pugin and Thomas Rowlandson (figures) from Rudolph Ackermann's Microcosm of London, or, London in Miniature (1808-11). Thomas Rowlandson (1756–1827) and Augustus Charles Pugin (1762–1832) (after) John Bluck (fl. 1791–1819), Joseph Constantine Stadler (fl. 1780–1812), Thomas Sutherland (1785–1838), J. Hill, and Harraden (aquatint engravers) - mechanical reproduction of 2D image West India Docks: This engraving was published as Plate 92 of Microcosm of London (1810) ~ Public Domain https://en.wikipedia.org /wiki/West_India_Docks

West India Docks by Augustus Pugin and Thomas Rowlandson (figures) from Rudolph Ackermann’s Microcosm of London, or, London in Miniature (1808-11).
Thomas Rowlandson (1756–1827) and Augustus Charles Pugin (1762–1832) (after) John Bluck (fl. 1791–1819), Joseph Constantine Stadler (fl. 1780–1812), Thomas Sutherland (1785–1838), J. Hill, and Harraden (aquatint engravers) – mechanical reproduction of 2D image
West India Docks: This engraving was published as Plate 92 of Microcosm of London (1810) ~ Public Domain https://en.wikipedia.org
/wiki/West_India_Docks

William Jessop  (23 January 1745 – 18 November 1814), an English civil engineer, best known for his work on canals, harbours and early railways in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, served as a consultant. Ralph Walker (1749 – 19 February 1824), a notable Scottish-born civil engineer in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, particularly associated with harbour engineering works in London also served the project as resident engineer. Architect George Gwilt designed the warehouse block. There was an Import Dock and an Export Dock. A line of warehouses formed along the north side of the Import Dock. 

Map of the Isle of Dogs showing the docks from The Pocket Atlas and Guide to London, 1899 ~ Public Domain  https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/West_India_Docks

Map of the Isle of Dogs showing the docks from The Pocket Atlas and Guide to London, 1899 ~ Public Domain https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/West_India_Docks

According to English History Online, “The 1801–2 Import Dock walls survive, largely behind and below later alterations (figs 96a, 107). The upper parts of the west wall and the east end of the south wall remain exposed. The walls are of a type first used by Jessop in Dublin and Bristol in 1792–6, and widely adopted in later dock works. They are of brick, 28– 29ft high, with a curved, or ‘banana’, section, both for structural stability and to suit the shape of ships’ hulls. They are 6ft thick and backed by 3ft-thick counterforts, or buttresses, at 10ft centres, to help prevent slippage. The counterforts are bound to the main walling by flattened iron hoops, the earliest known example of such reinforced brickwork. The foundations were not piled, because the gravel bed was considered, and has proved, sufficiently stable. Clay puddle backed the walls and covered the dock floor, to prevent water escaping through the gravel. (fn. 13) [Report of the Committee on Housing in Greater London, p.12.] In the mid-nineteenth century the ‘inefficient’ gritstone copings were replaced by Aberdeen granite, and latticed timber fenders that had protected the upper portions of the walls from contact with shipping were removed.” [‘The West India Docks: The docks’, in Survey of London: Volumes 43 and 44, Poplar, Blackwall and Isle of Dogs, ed. Hermione Hobhouse (London, 1994), pp. 268-281 http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vols43-4/pp268-281 [accessed 15 July 2015].

A map of the London Docks in 1831. Henry Robinson Palmer - This file comes from the Bodleian Libraries, a group of research libraries in Oxford University. ~ Public Domain  en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ London_Docks#/media/  File:Plan_of_London_ Docks_by_Henry_Palmer_ 1831.JPG

A map of the London Docks in 1831.
Henry Robinson Palmer – This file comes from the Bodleian Libraries, a group of research libraries in Oxford University. ~ Public Domain en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
London_Docks#/media/
File:Plan_of_London_
Docks_by_Henry_Palmer_
1831.JPG

Daniel Asher Alexander was the architect for the London Docks at Wapping. These were the closest docks to London proper until St. Katherine’s Docks were built in the early 1820s. These docks cost in excess of £5½ million. “The London Docks occupied a total area of about 30 acres (120,000 m²), consisting of Western and Eastern docks linked by the short Tobacco Dock. The Western Dock was connected to the Thames by Hermitage Basin to the south west and Wapping Basin to the south. The Eastern Dock connected to the Thames via the Shadwell Basin to the east. The principal designers were the architects and engineers Daniel Asher Alexander and John Rennie. The docks specialised in high-value luxury commodities such as ivory, spices, coffee and cocoa as well as wine and wool, for which elegant warehouses and wine cellars were constructed. In 1864 they were amalgamated with St Katharine Docks. The system was never connected to the railway network. Together with the rest of the enclosed docks, the London Docks were taken over by the Port of London Authority in 1909.” (Wikipedia)

800px-commercial_dock_rotherhithe

The Commercial Docks. At the Commercial Dock, Rotherhithe, there were multi-storey warehouses designed to store grain and seeds. 1827 http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/conMediaFile.579/The-Commercial-Docks-by-G-Cooke.html

 Daniel Asher Alexander assumed the role of surveyor to the London Dock Company between 1796 and 1831. Alexander was considered a genius by many. He was the designer of both the Dartmoor and the Maidenstone goals. The “skin floor” he designed for the processing of tobacco has been preserved as a shopping centre. His use of iron stanchions branching out as if tree limbs provided an unusual design, but one which provided a large area of uninterrupted floor space. 

 

 

 

Posted in British history, commerce, Georgian England, Great Britain, Living in the Regency, Regency era | Tagged , , , , , , , | 3 Comments

Celebrating the Release of “A Dance with Mr. Darcy: A Pride and Prejudice Vagary” + Giveaway

A major turning point in my latest Austen-inspired vagary, A Dance with Mr. Darcy, comes when Elizabeth permits Lydia to convince her to join in the St  Agnes Eve festivities.

stagnes_1242269c.jpg But who was St Agnes? And why do we celebrate her? 

On St Agnes Eve, traditionally girls and unmarried women wishing to know more of their future husbands perform a variety of sometimes “bizarre” acts to see who the man might be. Some of these rituals include walking backwards upstairs to bed while not looking behind you, pulling out a row of pins from a sleeve and saying a Pater for each, eat a yolkless boiled egg with salt filling the cavity where the yolk once was, fasting all day, or eating a dumb cake with friends. All these are to ensure that the the woman’s future husband will bring her water to drink in the her dream. That way her “dream man” will be known to her. Some women put a sprig of rosemary and one of thyme and sprinkle them with water and put one in each of their shoes and place the shoes on either side of the bed-head. Then they are to recite “St. Agnes, that’s to lovers kind/ Come ease the trouble of my mind. Afterwards, they are supposed to dream of their future husbands.

And speaking of that Dumb Cake, you may not wish to eat it, for it is made with equal parts flour, salt, and water (but the water is the makers’ own urine). The cake must be baked with other maidens in attendance and no one may say a word. (I imagine gagging is permissible, however!)

stagnesandlamb In Scotland, girls would meet in a field of crops at midnight, throw grain on to the soil and pray:
‘Agnes sweet and Agnes fair,
Hither, hither, now repair;
Bonny Agnes, let me see
The lad who is to marry me.’

An old book called “Mother Brunch’s Closet Newly Broke Open” speaks of this St. Agnes Eve custom:

“There is, in January, a day called Saint Agnes’s Day. It is always the one and twentieth of that month. This Saint Agnes had a great favour for young men and maids, and will bring unto their bedside, at night, their sweethearts, if they follow this rule as I shall declare unto thee. Upon this day thou must be sure to keep a true fast, for thou must not eat or drink all that day, nor at night; neither let any man, woman, or child kiss thee that day; and thou must be sure, at night, when thou goest to bed, to put on a clean shift, and the best thou hast the better thou mayst speed; and thou must have clean cloaths on thy head, for St. Agnes does love to see clean cloaths when she comes; and when thou liest down on thy back as straight as thou canst, and both thy hands are laid underneath thy head, then say

     Now good St. Agnes, play thy part,

     And sent to me my own sweetheart,

     And shew me such a happy bliss,

     This night of him to have a kiss.

“And then be sure to fall asleep as soon as thou canst, and before thou awakest out of thy first sleep thou shalt see him come and stand before thee, and thou shalt perceive by his habit what trademan he is; but be sure thou declarest not thy dream to anybody in ten days, and by that time thou mayst come to see thy dream come to pass.”

The John Keats’ poem, “The Eve of Saint Agnes,” immortalized the girl upon which the legend is based. It was one of his last works.

So who was St Agnes? She was a Christian girl in Rome in the early part of the 4th Century. Deciding to devote herself to religious purity, she supposedly refused a Roman prefect who wished to marry her. The man denounced her to Roman authorities as a Christian. For her punishment, she was thrown into a public brothel. However, she remained unscathed. One legend says all the men who attempted to rape her were immediately struck blind or paralyzed. Another claims that God protected her with a firestorm of thunder and lightning.

As the first punishment did not work, she was sentence to be burnt at the stake as a witch. However, the wood surrounding her would not burn. A guard then beheaded her with his sword. When her parents visited her tomb on the 8th day, they were met by a chorus of angels, including their daughter Agnes, with a white lamb at her side. The lamb’s color is a symbol of purity, and St Agnes is often depicted with a white lamb nearby. She reportedly died on 21 January 304. In the Catholic church, she is the patron saint of chastity, girls, engaged couples, rape victims, and virgins.

It is surprising that the medieval Catholic fast on the eve of her feast, and prayers seeking her intercession, should survive, even in a mangled form, into Protestant England. But in Derbyshire, Yorkshire and Durham, little rites, such as the herbs in shoes continued to be acted out, well into the late 19th century.

***

Now that you know more of St Agnes, enjoy this scene from A Dance with Mr. Darcy: A Pride and Prejudice Vagary.A Dance With Mr Darcy copy

A Dance with Mr. Darcy: A Pride and Prejudice Vagary will release on March 25, 2017, from Regency Solutions. It will be available in both eBook and print formats from Amazon, Kobo, and Nook.

The reason fairy tales end with a wedding is no one wishes to view what happens next.

Five years earlier, Darcy had raced to Hertfordshire to soothe Elizabeth Bennet’s qualms after Lady Catherine’s venomous attack, but a devastating carriage accident left him near death for months and cost him his chance at happiness with the lady. Now, they meet again upon the Scottish side of the border, but can they forgive all that has transpired in those years? They are widow and widower; however, that does not mean they can take up where they left off. They are damaged people, and healing is not an easy path. To know happiness they must fall in love with the same person all over again.

***

“This one be fer you,” Mr. Simpson said as he handed her the letter. “No sense in your goin’ into the village to claim it.” Such was the man’s statement every time she received a letter from her family. Simpson always separated out her mail from those he carried before he continued on his route.

“Thank you, Mr. Simpson. You are very kind.”

“Easy to be kind to a fine lady like yerself,” he replied with a lift of his eyebrow, which Elizabeth smartly ignored. Although Simpson always attempted to engage her in extended conversation, she acted with caution when any man became too friendly. Such was the life of an unmarried woman who dared to cross into a man’s world.

“I wonder from whom this came,” she said as she examined the handwriting and pretended not to notice Simpson’s overtures.

“Appears to be from a female,” Simpson suggested. “The lines be well put together.”

Elizabeth pocketed the letter. “Likely one of my sisters or from Mrs. Collins,” she said, although she knew the script was not one she recognized. “Now if there is nothing more, Mr. Simpson, I have rooms to clean.”

A frown crossed the man’s expression as she stepped away from the entranceway. “I’ll be seein’ ye on me return route,” he called.

Elizabeth waved him off with a small smile. Climbing the steps, she passed Lydia on her way to the laundry area. “Simpson still lingering after your skirt tails?”

Elizabeth glanced to where the coachman exited the inn. “He appears more daring in his tone,” she said with a heavy sigh. “I fear news of my permitting Mr. Darcy into my quarters has emboldened Simpson. He thinks my resolve has lessened.”

“How can Simpson think you would accept his attentions, if you would not accept someone of Mr. Darcy’s exalted position?”

“For all the gossips know, Mr. Darcy rejected me,” Elizabeth countered.

“Ridiculous!” her sister snorted. “I never cared for the man, but he is obviously besotted with you. I cannot fault him in his taste in Bennet sisters.”

Elizabeth squeezed her sister’s hand. “Thank you, Lyddie. I need your kind words more than you know.”

Lydia’s expression brightened. “I have a brilliant idea. As I cannot claim Sir Robert and you must deny Mr. Darcy, we require something adventurous to amuse us. I promised Clara and the other girls that I would join them on St. Agnes’s Eve. You must come with us.”

Elizabeth shook off the idea. “I do not require some very feminine romantic ceremony to identify my one true love. He resides in Derbyshire.”

Lydia snuggled closer to whisper, “What if Mr. Darcy is not your one true love? And what if Sir Robert is not mine.” Her sister lowered her voice further. “Although we do not expect to discover the men of our dreams, joining the other women in this ritual will announce to the neighborhood that Mr. Darcy and Sir Robert are not our choices and that we still seek our true love elsewhere. Such would go a long way in calming any gossip that surrounds us. Think upon it, Lizzy.”

Resources:

Fish Eaters     

The Victorian Web    

If you wish to read all of John Keats’s “The Eve of St. Agnes,” you may do so HERE.

Now for the GIVEAWAY. I have two eBook copies of A Dance with Mr. Darcy available. Leave a comment below to be part of the mix. The giveaway will end at midnight EDST on Friday, March 31. 

 

Posted in Austen Authors, book excerpts, book release, customs and tradiitons, eBooks, excerpt, giveaway, historical fiction, history, Jane Austen, marriage customs, medieval, Regency romance, religion, Vagary | Tagged , , , , , , , | 22 Comments