The Tradition of “Christmas Carols”

Parts of this post were originally featured on Austen Authors, brought to us from Rebecca Jamison. I have added to what she shared and offer more of the history of the Christmas Carols than she did in her original post, but have kept some of her YOUTUBE examples. 

 “Christmas Carols” were originally called so because they were a piece of vocal music in what is known as “carol form.” The word “carol” comes to us from the Old French word carole, which means a circular dance accompanied by singers. These were popular dance songs from as early as the 1150s. They became processional songs in the 14th Century and were sung at festivals. Other such “carols” were written specifically to accompany the mystery plays, for example the Coventry Carol, written some time before 1534. [W. J. Phillips, Carols; Their Origin, Music, and Connection with Mystery-Plays (Routledge, 1921, Read Books, 2008), p. 24.]

 800px-WLANL_-_legalizefreedom_-_De_kindermoord_te_Bethlehem.jpg The “Coventry Carol” dates from the 16th Century. It was originally performed in Coventry, England as part of the mystery play entitled, The Pageant of the Shearmen and Tailors. The play depicts what is known as the Massacre of the Innocents, in which Herod orders all male infants under the age of two in Bethlehem to be killed, as told in Chapter Two of the Gospel of Matthew. The song takes the form of a lullaby sung by the mothers of the targeted children. The author is unknown; the oldest known text was written down by Robert Croo in 1534, and the oldest known setting of the melody dates from 1591. [Studwell, W. E. (1995). The Christmas Carol Reader. Haworth Press. pp. 15 ]

Before the Protestant Reformation, carols were performed in Latin by the clergy of the Catholic church. With the Reformation, the carols were brought “back to the people.” Music was translated into the native language of those who spoke it. The Protestant church also made a concerted effort to break the hold the Catholic Church had on what we would term “sacred music.” Composers such as William Bryd composed motet-like  [a mainly vocal musical composition, of highly varied form and style, from the late medieval era to the present] works for Christmas that they termed carols; and folk-carols continued to be sung in rural areas. Nonetheless, some famous carols were written in this period, and they were more strongly revived from the nineteenth century and began to be written and adapted by eminent composers.

“Musically speaking, carol has a very specific definition: a song, characteristically of religious joy, associated with a given season, especially Christmas; in which uniform stanzas, or verses (V), alternate with a refrain, or burden (B), in the pattern B, V1, B, V2 . . . B. A great deal of traditional and popular Christmas music does not actually meet the strict definition of “carol”, and the term Christmas carol has come, in modern times, to colloquially refer to any song, in any of a variety of styles, which references Christmas, the Christmas season, or events in proximity to that season.

Laws restricted festivities at Christmastime, and Christmas carols were not as common in the Regency Era as they are now. However, country people continued to sing carols in their homes and sometimes in churches. In 1822, shortly after Jane Austen’s death, Davies Gilbert, a native of Cornwall, published a collection of carols from his childhood, entitled, Some Ancient Christmas Carols…Formerly Sung in the West of England, which was not too far from where the Austens lived. (You can find the entire volume here.)

The first in the volume is entitled “The Lord at First Did Adam Make.” Wikipedia tells us, “The Lord at first did Adam make, alternatively The Lord at first had Adam made relates the events of Genesis, Chapter 3, relating the evils that have befallen humanity since the first fall and humanity’s subsequent redemption; during Advent, a traditional theme is of the birth of Jesus being the coming of the “Second Adam.”  

“In Davies Gilbert’s preface to his 1822 publication, he writes “The following Carols or Christmas Songs were chanted to the Tunes accompanying them, in Churches on Christmas Day, and in private houses on Christmas Eve, throughout the West of England, up to the latter part of the late century… The Editor is desirous of preserving them in their actual forms, however distorted by false grammar or by obscurities, as specimens of times now passed away, and of religious feelings superseded by others of a different cast…on account of the delight they afforded him in his childhood; when the festivities of Christmas Eve were anticipated by many days of preparation and prolonged through several weeks by repetitions and remembrances.

“Christmas Day, like every other great festival, has prefixed to it in the calendar a Vigil or Fast; and in Catholic countries Mass is still celebrated at midnight after Christmas eve, when austerities cease, and rejoicings of all kinds succeed. Shadows of these customs were, till very lately, preserved in the Protestant West of England. The day of Christmas Eve was passed in an ordinary manner; but at seven or eight o’clock in the evening, cakes were drawn hot from the oven; cyder or beer exhilarated the spirits in every house; and the singing of Carols took the place of Psalms in all the Churches, especially at afternoon service, the whole congregation joining; and at the end it was usual for the Parish Clerk to declare, in a loud voice, his wishes for a merry Christmas and a happy new year to all the Parishioners.

“It was popularised by its inclusion in John Stainer and Henry Ramsden Bramley’s Christmas Carols, New an dOld of 1877, albeit in a Victorianised non-modal form, with a grammatically corrected text. In addition to Gilbert Davies’ collected version, another tune also exists and there are numerous textual variations, including additional verses.” 

Check out these versions on You Tube 

The old English carol “The Lord At First Did Adam Make” as arranged for pipe organ and performed by composer Lewis A. Kocher.

The Choir of St Mary’s Episcopal Cathedral, Edinburgh, under the direction of Timothy Byram-Wigfield, perform a bouncy setting of the traditional text ‘The Lord at First Did Adam Make,’ arranged for SATB choir by St Mary’s organist Peter Backhouse.

 

The choir of St Patrick’s Donaghmore & St Michael’s Castlecaulfield, accompanied by Helen Hall, sing the traditional English carol “The Lord at first did Adam make” live at the annual service of Nine Lessons and Carols in St Patrick’s on Sunday 11th December 2011

 

Here is another of these carols adapted for modern choirs. It is called “A Virgin Most Pure”:

 

In all, the carols he shared were as follows (click on each title to link to the words to each carol):

  1. The Lord At First Did Adam Make
  2. When God At First Created Man
  3.  A Virgin Most Pure
  4. When Righteous Joseph Wedded Was
  5. Hark, Hark! What News The Angels Bring
  6. Whilst Shepherds Watched Their Flocks By Night
  7. God’s Dear Son Without Beginning
  8. Let All That Are To Mirth Inclined

 

In 1823, Gilbert published a second volume, which included the words to “The First Noel” as well as eleven other carols.

 

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Posted in British history, Christmas, music, tradtions | Tagged , , , , | 4 Comments

Exquisite Excerpt from “Christmas at Pemberley”

JeffersC@PemberleyPreview of Christmas at Pemberley

My “Christmas at Pemberley” has won several awards as an inspirational romance. It is an Austen-inspired piece. The sequel is a cozy mystery, entitled The Disappearance of Georgiana Darcy. The third book in the series is entitled The Prosecution of the Darcy Cousin. It is also a cozy mystery. Both of those mysteries have been garnered as award-winners. 

I set this Christmas tale two years into the Darcys’ marriage. Elizabeth has been plagued by several miscarriages, and she is haunted with the idea that the “shades of Pemberley had been thus polluted” by her inability to present Darcy an heir. She is struggling with whether she is worthy of her husband’s devotion. Encouraged by her physician to bring some joy into his wife’s life, Darcy has invited the Bennets and the Bingleys to spend Christmastide at Pemberley. To that effect, to allow time for his guests’ arrival, Darcy has taken Elizabeth with him on a business journey. Upon their return to Pemberley, the Darcys are, unfortunately, unable to outmaneuver a blizzard-type storm, and Darcy and Elizabeth are stranded at a small inn, along with a young couple, whose last name ironically is “Joseph” and whose first child is likely to be born during the night.

Meanwhile, Georgiana attempts desperately to manage the chaos surrounding her brother’s six invited guests (Mr. and Mrs. Bennet, Kitty, Mary, Jane, and Bingley) and the eleven unscheduled arrivals, including Mary Bennet’s betrothed Mr. Grange (who Mrs. Bennet invited without asking the Darcys), Lady Catherine (who has not been at Pemberley since that infamous argument with Elizabeth and whose sudden presence will only confirm Elizabeth’s feeling of inadequacy), Anne De Bourgh (who can no longer be her mother’s pawn), Mrs. Jenkinson (who staunchly guards against Anne’s heart being broken), Mr. and Mrs. Collins (who Lady Catherine invited without anyone’s knowledge), Caroline Bingley (who decided to spend the holidays with the Bingleys rather than the Hursts), Mr. Winkler (the local minister who, during the storm, escorts the Collinses to Pemberley, but who is really there to woo Kitty Bennet), Colonel Fitzwilliam (who has returned from the American front), his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Southland (whose cousin once held the living at Rosings Park and who is “fascinated” with the De Bourgh family), and an American, Beaufort Manneville (who the colonel has been ordered to escort to London, but of whom he is suspicious).

This first excerpt brings the last of the “uninvited guests” to Pemberley. Expecting Darcy and Elizabeth, Georgiana is both disappointed and elated that her cousin, Colonel Edward Fitzwilliam, has returned from his duty on the American front.

Georgiana and Kitty raced along the passage and down the main staircase. “We’ll tell Elizabeth that your parents allowed you to return to Pemberley because you were lonely now that Miss Bennet is engaged.”

“Elizabeth will never believe I miss Mary’s company,” Kitty objected.

Georgiana tutted her disagreement. “We simply need for our sister to believe us long enough for her to reach the drawing room to greet your family.”

They waited impatiently for the Darcys’ arrival, each girl fidgeting with her dress. Then Mr. Nathan opened the door, and instead of Mr. and Mrs. Darcy, three winter-cloaked gentlemen strode through the opening. Both girls stood in awe of the men—all fine specimens of maleness. “Oh, my,” Kitty swallowed her words. She clawed at Georgiana’s arm.

But Georgiana stood frozen in disbelief. The man in front held her mesmerized. A year—more than a year had passed since she had last seen him, but he remained as before. Solid. Raven haired. Smoky blue eyes. Eyes that appeared to look through her. See me. Georgiana willed herself not to say the words. Not quite as tall as Fitzwilliam, the man’s broad shoulders filled Georgiana’s gaze. “Edward!” she called and launched herself into his waiting arms. In his embrace, Georgiana inhaled him deeply. He smelled of cold and leather and sweat and the spicy cologne he always had worn. “Thank God, you’ve returned to us.”

Her cousin picked her up, clutching Georgiana to his chest, and swung her around in a circle. “My, goodness!” he laughed easily. “What happened to my little Georgie?”

“You’ve been away for a year, Edward,” she protested.“So, I have.” He laughed again as he set her on her feet. “Where’s that rascally brother of yours?” He glanced toward the main stairs.

“Fitzwilliam and Mrs. Darcy are on their way from Northumberland,” she explained.

Edward frowned. “Well, Fitz will be delayed. We barely made it from Liverpool on horseback. Darcy won’t chance it in a carriage.” The colonel gestured to the men waiting behind him. “Do you have rooms available, Cousin? I don’t wish to attempt riding to Matlock.”

Of course.” Georgiana nodded to Mr. Nathan, and the man ducked into a servant’s passageway to do her bidding.

Edward spotted Kitty waiting patiently. “And is this who I believe it to be?” he asked teasingly.

“You remember Mrs. Darcy’s sister Catherine from the wedding, do you not, Edward?”

The colonel bowed to Kitty. “Absolutely. I am pleased to find you at Pemberley, Miss Catherine.”

Kitty curtsied to the group. “I’m certain Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth shall be thrilled for your return, Colonel.” Edward placed Georgiana’s hand on his arm. “Allow we to introduce my traveling companions, my dear. Miss Darcy. Miss Catherine. May I present Lieutenant Roman Southland? The lieutenant is my assistant.”

The officer bowed formally. “Miss Darcy, the colonel has spoken often of his cousin, but his words did not do you justice.” He kissed Georgiana’s outstretched hand. “Thank you for accepting our intrusion upon your hospitality.”

“Pemberley would never turn away the colonel’s associates,” Georgiana responded.

“Edward is family.” She wanted to ask what her cousin had said of her and how often the colonel spoke of her, but instead, Georgiana smiled welcomingly at the man.

“And this gentleman,” the colonel indicated the man not wearing a uniform. “This is Mr. Beauford Manneville. Mr. Manneville is from South Carolina in the Americas, but he’s come to our ‘enemy’ shores to do business with our government and to renew his acquaintance with his distant cousin Lord Shelton.” 

“Welcome to England, Mr. Manneville.” Georgiana curtsied and again extended her hand.

I am sorry your first experience on British shores brings you icy roads.”The colonel laughed softly.

“You do not understand, Georgie. In South Carolina, snow rarely falls. Cold weather doesn’t tarry either. Is that not correct, Manneville?”

The man openly shivered. “I’ve never been so cold, Colonel, and you may leave your levity out of it, sir.” 

Colonel Fitzwilliam bowed stiffly. “As you wish, Manneville.” 

He turned to Georgiana with a touch of lightheartedness. “And from what did we pull you ladies?”

Georgiana suddenly remembered the others waiting in the drawing room for her return. “Oh, Edward,” she gushed. “I am doubly happy to see you, especially in Fitzwilliam’s absence. We’ve a houseful of guests, including Lady Catherine and Anne.”

“Darcy invited our aunt for Christmas?” he asked incredulously.

“No. Her ladyship invited herself, as well as Mr. and Mrs. Collins. Lady Catherine visited the earl, but his lordship and the countess have traveled east to welcome the arrival of Lord Lindale’s first child.”

Edward beamed with the news. “Did you hear, Southland? I’m to be an uncle. My brother Rowland’s wife is in her confinement.”

The lieutenant removed his gloves and laid them nearby. “Then it is fortuitous we did not seek Matlock. It appears your family is scattered between here and Lincolnshire, sir.”

“They are. That they are.” He smiled genuinely at Georgiana. “Come, gentlemen. I’ll introduce you to Lady Catherine De Bourgh, my family’s paragon of virtue,” he said teasingly.

Georgiana fell into step beside him as they climbed the stairs. “In addition to her ladyship and Anne, the Bingleys and the Bennets are in residence,” she said softly.

“My, you do have a houseful. I thought you exaggerated, Cousin. How many await me in the drawing room?” he directed Georgiana toward the open door. Kitty and the lieutenant followed, and Mr. Manneville brought up the rear.

“Counting you three, we number nineteen,” she responded. “Fitzwilliam invited the Bennets and Mr. and Mrs. Bingley as a surprise for Mrs. Darcy, but others have sought shelter at Pemberley.” Georgiana leaned against him. “Handling so many distinct personalities has been challenging.”

His finger stroked her arm. “You’ve performed well, Georgie. I’m proud of you.”

They had reached the open door. Taking a deep breath, Georgiana glided into the room. “Look who’s joined us,” she announced. 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

An hour later, Georgiana and Kitty climbed the main stairs together. “When had you planned to tell me of Mr. Winkler?” Georgiana teased.

“As I did not know myself until this evening, how could I tell anyone?” Kitty’s eyebrow kicked up. 

Georgiana giggled. “What do you think of the possibilities?”

Kitty clicked her tongue against the roof of her mouth. “Delicious. At least, in some ways. Mr. Winkler is a fine-looking man. But then again, so are Mr. Manneville, Lieutenant Southland, and your cousin.”

Georgiana jerked to a stop, her mind rebelling at her friend’s words. “Kitty, you’re welcome to choose among our guests. Look to Mr. Winkler, to Mr. Manneville, or to the lieutenant. Look to any of them except the colonel.” 

Kitty wrapped her hand around Georgiana’s elbow and smiled sweetly. “Exactly as I supposed. So, that’s how the land lies?”

“That’s exactly how it is.”

**************************************

This second excerpt appears a bit later in the book. Colonel Fitzwilliam is attempting to discover Lady Catherine’s true reasons for coming to Pemberley.

Edward tapped softly on Lady Catherine’s door and a maid admitted him immediately. Her ladyship lounged on a chaise. She held toast in one hand and a teacup in the other. He bowed and then motioned the maid’s departure. “Thank you for agreeing to see me, your ladyship.”

“Why would I not, Edward? You’re a most beloved nephew. You’ve brought honor to the Fitzwilliam name.” She gestured him to a chair.

Edward took the seat, but he remained alert. Years of dealing with his aunt had taught him to never underestimate the woman. Dressed in a dark purple velvet gown, his aunt was a paragon of determination, and many shrank from her renowned inflexibility. She was dark of eye and hair, much darker than her brother, Edward’s father, and the complete opposite of the fair-haired Lady Anne, Darcy’s mother. She could convey her arrogance with a lift of her square chin or a glare along her straight, high-bridged nose. “My choice of military service came as the lesser of two evils, but I’m content with my time. I believe God has placed me in this role to save men from death’s grip. I’m thankful for that position.”

“As you well should be.” Lady Catherine pushed her way to a seated position. “Of what did you wish to speak, Colonel?”

Edward frowned deeply. “I’d like to know your true reason for coming to Pemberley uninvited.”

“You came to Pemberley uninvited,” she accused.

His eyes forcefully demanded that his aunt not fence verbally. “True. However, I’ve never expressed indignation regarding Darcy’s marriage. Neither did I send him language so very abusive, especially of Mrs. Darcy, when he announced his engagement. You’ve not spoken to Darcy or his wife for over two years, and then suddenly you appear on my cousin’s doorstep. I ask myself why, but I cannot decipher your way, Aunt.”

“Possibly, I had no other recourse,” she said slyly.

Edward forced himself to hold her gaze. Years had taught him Lady Catherine used her dominating stare to quell her dissenters. “I might believe you sought Pemberley’s safety if you hadn’t sent word to Mr. Collins before you left Matlock.”

“Georgiana told you that, did she?” Lady Catherine accused.

Edward struggled for an obliging response. “I’m Georgiana’s guardian. It would be natural for her to seek my advice. And I would warn your ladyship not to think that I’ll fall for your diversionary tactics. Georgiana isn’t the issue. Now, let’s revisit your motive for returning to Pemberley.”

Lady Catherine’s mouth tightened in a furious line. “In reality, I have no response.” She waited for his retort, but Edward’s silence demanded a longer explanation. “Matlock left for Lincolnshire. I’d already promised Collins a means to Kent.” She ticked off her reasons on her fingers. “The road conditions deteriorated before I could make other arrangements. I saw my niece in your family home some days prior, and I realized I missed my sister’s offspring.”

Edward’s eyebrow rose in disbelief. “Do you mean to say, Aunt, that you wished for a reconciliation with Darcy?”

“Marriage is forever. I cannot change what’s been done. Although I vehemently disagree with Darcy’s choice, I’ve come to realize my objections are also keeping me from Georgiana. In order for my niece to have a successful Season, Georgiana requires the weight of her connections. Darcy’s position provides Georgiana impetus, but Matlock and Lindale’s names lend credence to her consequence.” His aunt’s words didn’t sit well with Edward, but he couldn’t identify what it was about the image of his cousin’s Society Come Out that bothered him most. It was certainly not Georgiana’s appearance; his cousin’s beauty would awe even the most hardened heart. Possibly, that was it: He could not imagine Georgiana in another man’s embrace. “The De Bourgh connection shall strengthen my niece’s suit.”

“So, for Georgiana’s sake, you’ll swallow your distress regarding Darcy’s marriage?” he said incredulously. 

“Darcy has thrice sent correspondence offering an appeasement. Admittedly, I’ve ignored his olive branch, but Christmastide seemed a time for forgiveness.”

Edward certainly did not believe her reasons, but he knew from experience that his aunt believed what she said. Therefore, Lady Catherine’s frankness penetrated his reserve. “You are an intelligent woman, your ladyship, so I’ll forego the customary warning. You’re aware of Darcy’s nature. My cousin will never tolerate your condemnation of his wife or his guests.” Surprised, he watched as Lady Catherine swallowed her temptation to criticize.

“I am appalled by the people with whom Darcy surrounds himself, but I can tolerate his acquaintances without considering them my intimates.”

“I pray you can, Aunt.” Her sincerity rang of possibilities. “It’s comforting to think you’ve considered Georgiana’s future, but you should also make room for Mrs. Darcy’s role in your life. You must maintain no delusions of Elizabeth ever being replaced in Darcy’s estimation. The man loves his wife, very much in the manner the late Mr. Darcy loved Lady Anne. You must accept it, or Darcy will limit your access to Georgiana.” He hoped his aunt didn’t practice some sort of chicanery. 

Their conversation at an end, Edward prepared to leave her; however, Lady Catherine reached out to stay him.

“Tell me what has transpired with Mrs. Darcy.”

“I don’t understand, Aunt.”

Lady Catherine sighed deeply in exasperation. “As you said, Colonel, I’m far from lacking my wits. I have overheard bits and pieces of information. Why has Mrs. Darcy not given her husband an heir?”

Edward’s suspicions returned. “If you mean to insinuate that Mrs. Darcy hasn’t presented my cousin with his first child because of her low connections, I’ll warn you of the danger of doing so. Darcy will bring his ire to your doorstep, ma’am.”

“That wouldn’t stop me, Edward,” she declared. “I have faced a man’s dudgeon before. Give me the facts, and I shall decide my actions.”

Edward growled. “I will not be a part of your venomous ways, your ladyship. A moment ago, you spoke of harmony. You cannot have it both ways, Aunt.”

“You make the assumption I mean Mrs. Darcy harm. I never said I would openly criticize the chit. I simply said Darcy’s ire wouldn’t deter me. Would you prefer I ask Mrs. Darcy’s witless mother?”

Edward felt his cheeks flush. “Mrs. Darcy hasn’t carried to term previously,” he said through gritted teeth. “But the lady’s with child. Darcy hopes the pleasure of seeing her family for Christmastide will provide Mrs. Darcy comfort. Darcy has surrounded his wife with those who love her.”

“Except for uninvited guests,” she observed.

“That’s more than half of those in attendance,” Edward responded. “Darcy is not likely to be happy with the alteration in his plans.”

“I suppose that means me.”

Dismay tightened Edward’s jaw. “Your presence will truly be a Christmastide surprise, your ladyship.”

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Kindle  https://www.amazon.com/Christmas-Pemberley-Prejudice-Holiday-Through-ebook/dp/B07L9G7YTV/ref=sr_1_7?ie=UTF8&qid=1544626483&sr=8-7&keywords=christmas+at+Pemberley

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Roderick Maclean’s Attempt to Kill Queen Victoria

The last of the attempts on Queen Victoria’s life came on March 2, 1882. Unlike the previous attempts, this one was dangerous because by that date, weapons were well beyond the single shot volley stage. Roderick Maclean’s gun held six bullets, and he did fire at Victoria’s passing coach. If Maclean had had time for a second shot before he was beset upon by two Eton school boys, he might have actually hit the queen. 

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The incident occurred at 4 o’clock in the afternoon. The Queen had departed Buckingham Palace, her carriage passing through Hyde Park on its way to Paddington station to board her special train bound for Windsor. The train arrived at Windsor, but as she left the station to enter her carriage, Maclean, who stood in the station yard, fired upon her. The Social Historian website says several police caught him up and took Maclean to the Windsor police station. Raymond Lamont Brown, in How Fat Was Henry VIII and 101 Questions on Royal History [The History Press, ©2008, 149-150), tells us two Eton school boys accosted Maclean with an umbrella until Superintendent George Hayes of the Windsor Police could take control of the situation. Mr. Brown goes on to tell us that Queen Victoria visited Eton several days later to thank the boys personally before 900 Eton boys in the Quadrangle of the school. 

“At the same time,” the queen wrote later, “there was the sound of what I thought was an explosion from the engine, but in another moment, I saw people rushing about and a man being violently hustled, rushing down the street.” (History.com)

“The following telegram was sent from the Queen at Windsor Castle to the Prince of Wales at Marlborough House:

“In case an exaggerated report should reach you, I telegraph to say that, as I drove from the station here a man shot at the carriage, but fortunately hit no one. He was instantly arrested. I am nothing the worse.Belfast News-Letter – Friday 03 March 1882 

“The prisoner’s name was Roderick Maclean. About 30-years-old, he was 5 feet 7 inches tall and was shabbily dressed. He told the police that he was a clerk out of employment and had been born in Oxford street in London and had only been in Windsor a few days, but it was later determined that he was a native of Ireland.

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Kill the Queen!: The Eight Assassination Attempts on Queen Victoria by Barrie Charles

“The revolver was of German manufacture, with six chambers. Two chambers were loaded with empty cartridges, and two with loaded cartridges. One chamber had been discharged. No trace of a bullet has as yet been found. – from Belfast News-Letter – Friday 03 March 1882

“Maclean was tried on 19 April 1882 at Reading for high treason. Mr. Montague Williams presented overwhelming evidence that the prisoner was a lunatic and Maclean was acquitted on the ground of insanity. He was ordered to be detained during her Majesty’s pleasure.” The Social Historian  [Note: At Her Majesty’s pleasure (sometimes abbreviated to Queen’s pleasure or, when appropriate, at His Majesty’s pleasure or King’s pleasure) is a legal term of art referring to the indeterminate or undetermined length of service of certain appointed officials or the indeterminate sentences of some prisoners. It is based on the concept that all legitimate authority for government comes from the Crown.]

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Shooting Victoria: Madness, Mayhem, and the Rebirth of the British Monarchy by Paul Thomas Murphy

The jury’s deliberation lasted but five minutes. Maclean lived out the remainder of his days at Broadmoor Asylum. He died 9 June 1921. This last attempt on her life prompted the Queen to ask for a change in English law. All of those who attempted to kill Victoria showed signs of mental illness. Maclean, Robert Pate, and Edward Oxford were considered mentally deranged. The others were more of the “lone wolf” nature we see in modern times at mass shootings. Queen Victoria pushed for those accused to be named “guilty, but insane,” rather than “not guilty, but insane,” as had Maclean been found. This led to the Trial of Lunatics Act of 1883. This Act of Parliament permitted the jury to return aa verdict that the defendant was guilty, but insane at the time of the crime. The accused would be kept in custody as a “criminal lunatic.” It was to act as a deterrent to other lunatics, but one must wonder if someone was mentally ill whether a “deterrent” would make much difference. The phrasing was changed to “guilty of the act or omission charged, but insane so as not to be responsible, according to law, for his actions.” This act was eventually replaced by the Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act of 1964. 

Other Sources: 

Barrie Charles 

Culture Trip 

Historum 

Smithsonian Magazine 

Wikipedia 

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Albert Young’s Threat Toward and Arthur O’Connor’s Attempt to Kill Queen Victoria

It was twenty-two years after Robert Pate’s ill-fated attempt to kill Queen Victoria before another attempt was made against her. According to Raymond Lamont-Brown in How Fat Was Henry VIII (The History Press, 2009, page 149) Albert Young’s threat against the Crown was not like the previous ones. Young sent a letter threatening the life of the queen unless she lent £40 to each of some 50 Irish tenants of a landlord, who had recently turned them out. Unlike the other “assassins,” Young’s crime was one of intimidation. On May 26, 1872, Young was brought before High Court Judge Henry Charles Lopes. Lopes sentenced Young to ten years’ penal servitude on charges of intimidation. 

However, earlier that same year (February 28, 1872), one Arthur O’Connor pointed at gun at the Queen when her carriage paused before the Garden Gate of Buckingham Palace. Prince Arthur jumped from the carriage to accost the man, but the Queen’s Scottish servant John Brown handled the situation. 

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Sir Charles Wentworth Dilke, 2nd Baronet ~ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Charles_Dilke,_2nd_Baronet

What led to this unrest in the Kingdom? Between 1871 and 1874, growing unrest marked Victoria’s reign. During the later years of Queen Victoria’s reign, there was considerable criticism of her decision to withdraw from public life following the death of her husband, Prince Albert. This resulted in a “significant incarnation” of republicanism. During the 1870s, calls for Britain to become a republic on the American or French model were made by the politicians Charles Dilke and Charles Brdlaugh, as well as journalist George W. M. Reynolds. (Republicanism in the United Kingdom) However, “[A]fter a royal wedding and the recovery of the Prince of Wales from the brink of death, another assassination attempt [by Arthur O’Connor] on the queen secured her position and quelled anti-monarchy sentiment for the rest of her reign.” (Culture Trip)

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https://theculturetrip.com/europe/united-kingdom/articles/there-were-eight-assassination-attempts-on-queen-victoria/ ~ Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll and daughter of Queen Victoria, married the Marquis of Lorne, an Englishman called John Campbell. This marriage helped revive the waning popularity of the British monarchy.

The Queen had gone out for a Leap Day drive around Hyde and Regent’s Park. O’Connor, the nephew of the late Chartist leader Fergus O’Connor, was able to scale the Palace fence and hide near the courtyard, without anyone taking notice. He managed to come within a foot of the Queen’s carriage. He carried a flintlock pistol, which he attempted to fire, although some reports say the gun was broken and unusable. John Brown wrestled the seventeen-year-old O’Connor to the ground. At his hearing, O’Connor claimed he had no desire to bring harm upon the Queen: He simply wished to frighten her into signing a document that would release Irish political prisoners being held in British jails. 

John Brown received a gold medal and a £25 annuity for his efforts to protect the Queen. Prince Arthur received a gold pin from his mother as a show of her gratitude. 

Although originally sentenced to a year in prison and 20 strokes with a birch rod, after the Queen petitioned for him to be departed, O’Connor was exiled to Australia,

The Social Historian provides us this account of the events: “On Thursday, 29 February 1872, Earl Granville interrupted a discussion at the Houses of Parliament and made the following announcement to the House of Lords:

Your lordships will excuse my interruption of this discussion. I have just been informed that a boy of eighteen or nineteen ran into the garden of Buckingham Palace as the Queen entered, followed the carriage to the door, which is at a short distance, and presented an old-fashioned pistol within a foot of her Majesty’s head. The Queen bowed her head, and the boy was seized. I am informed that the pistol was not loaded, and it is believed that the object of the boy was to compel her Majesty by fear to sign a Fenian document which he had in his hand. The Queen showed the greatest courage and composure, and immediately commanded Colonel Hardinge to come down to the Houses of Parliament in order to prevent exaggerated rumours and alarm being spread. Pall Mall Gazette – Friday 01 March 1872
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The Diamond Jubilee State Coach

GRAHAMEDOWN VIA WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

 

“The boy was seized immediately and disarmed. He was taken to the King-street police-station in Westminster and readily gave his name of Arthur O’Connor. He said that he was 17-years-old and a clerk to Messrs. Livett and Franks, oil and colour manufacturers, and said that he lived with his father and mother at 4 Church-row in Houndsditch.

“Arthur O’Connor was brought to trial for treason on 8 April 1872 and was indicted for unlawfully presenting a pistol to the person of Our Lady the Queen, with intent to alarm her. To this charge, the prisoner pleaded guilty.

“On hearing the plea, Mr. Hume Williams who was instructed by the prisoner’s friends asked that the plea be withdrawn since he was prepared to show evidence that the prisoner was of unsound mind. After some discussion, his evidence was allowed. The prisoner’s parents, George and Catherine O’Connor along with three doctors from Kings College Hospital were called but it was to no avail. The jury found that the prisoner was perfectly sane when he pleaded guilty to the indictment.”

 

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Robert Pate Strikes Queen Victoria with His Cane, but Does Not Kill Her

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Shooting Victoria: Madness, Mayhem, and the Rebirth of the British Monarchy by Paul Thomas Murphy

A little over two years passed after William Hamilton’s attempt to assassinate Queen Victoria on 19 June 1849, before Robert Pate made his attempt on 27 June 1850.

Born in Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, on Christmas Day 1819, Pate came from a relatively wealthy family. His father had worked his way, first in trade as a corn dealer, eventually to be Deputy Lord Lieutenant of Cambridgeshire and High Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire. Pate received his education in Norwich, and his father purchased him a Cornetcy in the 10th Light Dragoons. His Lieutenancy was purchased shortly afterward. Pate’s lunacy was suspected as early as 1844. He resigned his commission and moved to Piccadilly in 1846, living very much as an eccentric recluse. 

During his trial, his defense team asked for a lenient sentence based on the idea he simply had a lapse caused by a weak mind. Seven years of penal transportation was his punishment. Pate’s social class, thanks to his father, permitted him more kindness during his imprisonment than he might have received otherwise. He arrived in Van Diemen’s Land (now known as Tasmania) in November 1850. However, on arrival he was consigned to the Cascades penal settlement on the Tasman Peninsula, like a common criminal. He served less than a year under what for him must have been an especially hard regime, and was then transferred to more amenable work in the community until the end of his sentence. [Charles, Barrie (2012). Kill the Queen! The Eight Assassination Attempts on Queen Victoria, Amberley Publishing, pages 80-82]

“Pate’s father died in 1856, but most of his money passed to other relations and Pate only received an annuity of £300 and a share of his personal possessions. However, his money problems were solved the following year when Pate married Mary Elizabeth Brown, a rich heiress. They lived in Hobart for eight years before selling up and returning to London. Robert Pate lived a quiet life in the capital until his death in 1895. Under the terms of his will, he left £22,464 to his wife. He is buried in Beckenham Crematorium and Cemetery.” [Charles, Barrie (2012). Kill the Queen! The Eight Assassination Attempts on Queen Victoria, Amberley Publishing, pages 82-85] Wikipedia 

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Kill the Queen!: The Eight Assassination Attempts on Queen Victoria by Barrie Charles

Now to the assassination attempt. There are several versions of the events. These are the facts with which each account of the event agree: 

Pate, an ex-soldier (retired lieutenant of the 10th Hussars), had descended into some form of lunacy. 

Pate had the habit of goose-stepping about Hyde Park 

Queen Victoria, the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, Princess Alice and lady-in-waiting Fanny Jocelyn had visited the Queen’s dying uncle Prince Adolphus of Cambridge. 

The Queen’s carriage slowed to enter a gate. Her escorting equerry were pushed aside by the crowd, permitting Pate his chance.

Smithsonian.com tells us this of the event: “Only one attempt on Victoria’s life actually injured her, and it was the only one not made with a gun. In 1850 an ex-soldier named Robert Pate hit her over the head with an iron-tipped cane while she was in the courtyard of her home, [Paul Thomas] Murphy writes. “It left the Queen with a black eye, a welt and a scar that lasted for years,” he writes. She appeared two hours later in Covent Garden to prove that she was well and that her injury wouldn’t stop her from seeing her subjects.

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 Meanwhile, Sunday Express gives a bit more information. “Victoria’s fifth assailant, Robert Pate was the only one of the seven to harm the Queen. Well-known in London for his manic perambulations about Hyde Park, he interrupted one of these when he came upon the Queen’s carriage inside the gates of her uncle’s mansion on Piccadilly.

“He pushed himself to the front of the crowd, knowing that when the Queen’s carriage emerged he would find himself inches from her, and slashed his cane down upon the royal forehead, blackening Victoria’s eye and leaving a welt. Victoria had intended to go to the opera that night. When her ladies-in-waiting begged her to stay home, she replied “Certainly not: if I do not go, it will be thought I am seriously hurt and people will be distressed and alarmed.”

“But you are hurt, ma’am,” her lady replied.

“Then everyone shall see how little I mind it,” the Queen said.

Pate was sentenced to seven years’ transportation.”

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The Social Historian provides us even more detail of the event. “About twenty minutes past six o’clock on the evening of Thursday, 27 June 1850, Queen Victoria along with three of the royal children and Viscountess Jocelyn, lady-in-waiting, left Cambridge House in Piccadilly to return to Buckingham Palace. As the royal carriage passed through the gates, a respectably dressed man ran forward two or three paces and struck the Queen a sharp blow on the head with a small black cane. Several persons in the crowd rushed forward and seized the man and for a moment it seemed likely he might be lynched by the mob until the timely arrival of Sergeant Silver who took the prisoner to the Vine-street police station. The Royal Carriage proceeded onwards to Buckingham Palace.

“At the police station, the prisoner gave his name as Robert Pate, a retired lieutenant of the 10th Hussars and gave his address as 27, Duke-street in St. James. The stick with which he had struck the blow was not thicker than an ordinary goose quill and just over 2 feet in length. It weighed less than three ounces.

“After being examined several times by doctors to determine whether he was insane, Pate was committed to Newgate to await a hearing.

“On 8 July 1850, 30-year-old Robert Pate stood trial at the Old Bailey. He was indicted for unlawfully assaulting the Queen, with intent to injure her, a second count of assault with intent to alarm her and a third count of  intent to break the public peace. Many witnesses were called an all testified that Robert Pate was not of sound mind.

EDWARD THOMAS MONRO, ESQ ., M.D. I have had five interviews with Mr. Pate since this occurrence—I saw him first on the 2nd of the month at Clerkenwell, and again on the 3rd; and I saw him afterwards in Newgate on the 5th, 8th, and 10th—from my own observation, and from what I have heard to-day, I believe him to be of unsound mind.Old Bailey Trial of Robert Pate

MR. COCKBURN. Q. You gather that [he is well aware that he has done wrong in this matter], from what he has said to you on the subject? JOHN CONOLLY, ESQ ., M.D. A. I do—he seems quite unable to give any account why he did it, or any account of the act at all, any more than it was not done by another person—he does not deny having done it, but he expresses himself very sorry for it—I asked him a great many questions on the subject; he had no motive whatever in committing such an action, no premeditation, no powers of deliberation or reason at the time; but he acted under some strange morbid impulse, which he had no power apparently of resisting. Old Bailey Trial of Robert Pate

At the conclusion of the trial, it was found that although of unsound mind, Robert Pate was capable of distinguishing between right and wrong and he was accordingly found guilty and sentenced to be transported for seven years.

Check out Paul Thomas Murphy’s account HERE.

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Announcing the Winners of Jennifer Redlarczyk’s “A Holiday to Remember” Giveaway

 

 

Jennifer and I are happy to announce that Mary Olson and Laura Capio are the recipients of an eBook copy of Ms. Redlarczyk’s A Holiday to Remember. Congratulations, Ladies. Jen will be in contact to deliver the eBook. Happy Thanksgiving!!!! 

 

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Celebrating the Release of “Follow Your Star Home” with Jude Knight and the Bluestocking Belles

To be a Princess

Have you heard the joke about the girl who wanted to be treated like a princess? So her father married her off to a stranger to cement his trade alliance.

That’s not the modern view of a princess, but it’s certainly the lived experience of real life princesses throughout history. From ancient Egypt and Babylonia through to more recent history in Britain and Europe, few princesses have been free to choose a life mate, and for those who did, the marriage was often their second and more likely to be a political choice than a romantic one.

cleopatra.jpg Cleopatra, for example, was first married to her younger brother Ptolemy, as the custom was in Egypt at that time. The pharaoh, being a god, could have god children only with another god, which meant a sister or a cousin. The physical deformities associated with inbreeding were controlled by dedicating such children to Sobek, the Nile crocodile god.

The affair between the young Cleopatra and Julius Caesar, who was in his 50s, was almost certainly an astute decision to help her win a civil war. She required Roman support against her brother. The affair with Mark Antony might also have been political – he was now one of the most powerful men in the Roman Empire, but certainly the myth of their love affair has been enduring. 

0-3.jpgCatherine of Aragon was sent to England as a teenager to marry Arthur, heir to the throne. When he died shortly after their marriage, her brother-in-law had the marriage annulled so he could marry her himself. By all accounts, she loved her husband, Henry VIII, despite his roving eye. But when she failed to give him a living son, he set the marriage aside (even splitting with the Pope and setting up his own church when the obstinate man refused to un-annul Catherine’s first marriage so that Henry could marry his pregnant mistress).

Henry himself was descended from another royal mistress, later the wife of John of Gaunt, the third son of Edward III.

Amonute, known to history as Pocahontas, learnt a little English when she was a child 0-2.jpgand the leader of the English colonists was a prisoner of her people for a few months. John Smith was 27 and she was probably around 10. John Smith later told stories about her saving his life and defying her father to bring food to Jamestown. Not true.

She married a young warrior of her people and became pregnant, but when the English threatened violence against her village, she was forced to give up her baby and go with the troops. Oral history in her tribe tells that she was raped while a prisoner, and she gave birth to a child, Thomas, before being married to John Rolfe, who later took her to England where she died.

Being a princess isn’t all it’s cracked up to be.

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Follow Your Star Home

Divided sweethearts seek love and forgiveness in this collection of eight  seasonal novellas.

Forged for lovers, the Viking star ring is said to bring lovers together, no matter how far, no matter how hard.

In eight stories, covering more than half the world and a thousand years, our heroes and heroines put the legend to the test. Watch the star work its magic, as prodigals return home in the season of good will, uncertain of their welcome.

Follow Your Star Home

25% of proceeds benefit the Malala Fund.

Follow Your Star Home, the Bluestocking Belles’ latest holiday box set, features eight stories set across time. In my story, Paradise Regained, the heroine is a princess who has run away from the fate of princesses, as the excerpt below shows.

Buy links and more blurb at: https://bluestockingbelles.net/belles-joint-projects/follow-your-star-home/

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Paradise Regained

In discovering the mysteries of the East, James has built a new life. Will unveiling the secrets in his wife’s heart destroy it?

James Winderfield yearns to end a long journey in the arms of his loving family. But his father’s agents offer the exiled prodigal forgiveness and a place in Society — if he abandons his foreign-born wife and children to return to England.

With her husband away, Mahzad faces revolt, invasion and betrayal in the mountain kingdom they built together. A queen without her king, she will not allow their dream and their family to be destroyed.

But the greatest threats to their marriage and their lives together is the widening distance between them. To win Paradise, they must face the truths in their hearts.

Paradise Regained is a novella in Follow Your Star Home. For information about the other novellas and buy links, see the Bluestocking Belles’ website. https://bluestockingbelles.net/belles-joint-projects/follow-your-star-home/

Excerpt

“You will be destined for the Emperor’s own women’s quarters, Mahzad,” Mamani said. “As a wife, no less. Just imagine! Your son could be Emperor.”

Only, Mahzad wanted to say, if they could successfully avoid trouble in the broken lands that had once been the Uzbek empire. Only if she had sons. Only if one of those sons survived the machinations of the zenana and then of the divan, the government bureaucracy, to become ruler. She had no intention of putting all her faith in a child as yet not even conceived, but she could clearly expect no support from her grandmother, so she said nothing.

She was not the only high-ranking trophy bride in the caravan. They would negotiate their way East, giving gifts to the rulers of kingdoms and cities along the way, and most of the other girls felt as she did.

“But what can we do?” asked Fatimah, daughter of a satrap and his Uzbekistan concubine and therefore probably the first to be traded for the safety of the caravan. “That Englishman of your grandmother’s has us closely watched.”

Fatimah was another favored daughter, allowed freedoms and training beyond the feminine arts, petted and praised by her father, and then sent to be used with as little compunction as if she were a pawn of ivory or jet, rather than flesh and blood.

“How much do you wish to escape?” Mahzad asked.

In the end, nine of them made the attempt, including Mahzad’s maid. The other three promised to cover for them and helped them gather the men’s clothes they would wear to avoid the risks of women travelling without a male escort.

Their chance came after a bandit attack in the mountains. The would-be robbers were killed or driven off, and the triumphant guard relaxed around their fires, celebrating their success, while Mahzad and her friends followed the English serveries’ instructions to stay in their tent. “Drunk men may forget themselves, princess,” he told her. “And I would not wish to have to cut off a man’s hand because one of you failed to hide when I told you to.”

After midnight, as the noise around the men’s fires died down, the runaway brides kissed their friends goodbye. They had long since sent their maids off to bed, and now, they helped one another into their new clothes, shushing one another’s giggles as they struck male poses.

They were nine slim lads, gliding through the shadows to the horse pickets, where the guards, praise be to all the saints, nodded over a jug of wine.

Each woman saddled and bridled her own horse, and Mahzad breathed another prayer of thanks. Some of them had never waited on themselves in their whole pampered lives. The travel and the English serkerde’s insistence that they each learn to do some of the daily tasks, such as looking after their own horses, had hardened them and readied them for this adventure.

Mahzad was about to give the order to mount when one of the guards lifted his head and spoke.

“Going somewhere, princess?”

Startled, she could do nothing but stare into the face of the Englishman who commanded the caravan. Jakob. James, as his own people said it. In that frozen moment, the other three guards moved, standing and raising their weapons.

The other brides looked to Mahzad. For orders or for inspiration? She raised her chin. She was descended from royal houses in China, Persia, Turkmenistan, and England, and would not give up.

“You are four, and we are nine,” she pointed out. “We are leaving, James Beg.”

“I am impressed,” he replied, and his eyes gleamed. “I would not have thought of men’s clothes.”

“We are leaving,” she repeated, clutching at her mare’s reins until the horse sidled.

“Princess, I made a promise to your grandmother that I would defend you against all dangers. How can I do that if I let you leave?”

“You are four, and we are nine,” she repeated, but even she was unconvinced. Nine pampered ladies who had never used their weapons in earnest against four hardened warriors?

“Forgive me. I have not made myself clear. If I let you leave without me, I should have said. But I have no more desire than you ladies,” he bowed to include them all, “to continue with this mission now it has brought us within reach of our freedom. Will you consent to take us as partners in your escape?”

61MJ-Yrj7nL._US230_.jpgMeet Jude Knight

Jude Knight wants to transport you to another time, another place, to enjoy adventure and romance, thrill to trials and challenges, uncover secrets and solve mysteries, and delight in a happy ending.

She writes everything from Hallmark to Regency Noir, in different eras and diverse places, short, medium and extra-long. Expect decent men with wounded hearts, women who are stronger than they think, and villains you’ll want to smack or worse. and all with a leavening of humour.

Newsletter: http://judeknightauthor.com/newsletter/

Learn more about Jude at:
judeknightauthor.com/

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Tags

Late 18th century, Georgian, #Englishexplorer, #ducalson, #Persianprincess, #mountainbandits, #explorersinIran, #Englishadventurers, #historicalromance, #friendstolovers, #secondchanceromance #ParadiseRegained #FollowYourStarHome @BellesInBlue @judeknightbooks

Other Books by Jude Knight: 

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Celebrating the Release of “A Holiday to Remember” from Jennifer Redlarczyk + a Giveaway

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Regina, thank you so much for having me back on Every Woman Dreams with my new book, A Holiday to Remember. This time last year I was giving voice lessons over at Merrillville High School in Indiana when I heard the advanced choir rehearsing for their December concert. What could be better than these inspiring words set to a catching tune and sung by energetic young people?

It’s a holiday to remember, feel the joy that’s in the air.

Once a year each December comes a magical time

When your spirits will climb,

A time to share, A time to give and a time to care

It’s a holiday to remember

A season filled with love!

A Holiday to Remember – by Mac Huff

Here is a YouTube link if you would like to hear the Merrillville Choirs singing some Christmas Concert Highlights. https://youtu.be/KRwxcp3TqGY

Merrillville HS is a multi-racial lower income community where many of the students are living in homes with single parents or in several cases, grandparents and other relatives. For those students who participate in the arts, music is such an important part of their lives. It not only gives them a chance to excel at something they love, but it gives them a chance to reach out to the surrounding community when they perform.

For many, their participation continues past the academic school year. The

Director, Melinda Reinhart and her husband, Mike run a summer theater for young people who live in Merrillville and the surrounding communities. For over fifty years the Reinhart family has been involved in this type of community service.

Last summer’s production of The Hunchback of Notre Dame was exceptional. If you have a chance, please to listen to this short link which features two of my students who are brothers. Lucas – Quasimodo (17) and his older brother, Jacob – Frollo (21), are doing the solo parts. The outstanding vocal ensemble is comprised of primarily high school students.

Hunchback https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jvkIFJzKoI

In short, Melinda Reinhart and her choirs were the inspiration for my story. In this modern P&P variation, Elizabeth Bennet is a dedicated choral director and teacher at Meryton Academy for the Performing Arts and William Darcy is the aloof CEO of Darcy Enterprises. The two of them met when unfortunate circumstances brought them together during a summer music festival in Chicago where tempers flared and unpleasant words were exchanged. Find out what happens when their paths cross again in December. Will their animosity continue, or will their reunion turn out to be A Holiday to Remember?

Haven Middle School

From Chapter One

Meryton Academy for the Performing Arts

Monday, 4 December

Present day

“Liz Bennet! Please tell me I didn’t hear what I just thought I heard!” Charlotte Lucas burst through the doors of the choir room and marched straight to the keyboard where Elizabeth was working out the final arrangements for A Holiday to Remember—part of the music academy’s final showcase before the winter break.

“Char, I have no idea what you’re talking about, and I’m kind of on a deadline here. Uh … you do remember I have a major rehearsal at six o’clock tonight?” She arched a questioning eyebrow in her friend’s direction before entering the final chords on the master lead sheet in her computer. 

“Right, but for your information, Mr. Billy Collins just told everyone in the teacher’s lounge he has a big date with you on New Year’s Eve. He says he’s escorting you to the Pemberley Foundation’s charity gala at Forest Ridge. What gives? Don’t those tickets start at five hundred a pop? Not to mention any woman who would dare to go out with that nutter would have to be a marble short.”

Elizabeth stopped what she was doing and burst into laughter. “Char, do you honestly think BC would actually shell out that kind of money just to have a date with me? The man is so tight he probably wouldn’t spend five dollars on his own mother. Don’t worry. The Vocalteens were asked to perform at the gala and will be doing the opening act right after dessert. Since Reeves will be out of town, I’m making do with Billy-boy to run sound. You’re welcome to join us if you don’t have a date. I can always use an extra chaperone. Plus, after the kids leave, the adults are invited to stay and enjoy the rest of the party. There’s going to be a live band, dancing, loads of food and some kind of a silent auction. It could be fun, even without dates.”

“Sorry, Liz. As a matter of fact, I do have a date.” Charlotte straightened up and fluttered her eyelashes in jest. “And … as much as I’d like to hobnob with the rich and famous, Brexton Denny is taking me to the Signature Room to celebrate the New Year. Who knows, this might turn out to be my Holiday to Remember, if you don’t mind me borrowing the title from your medley.”

“Go right ahead. The Signature Room is pretty impressive. Is there any chance your Mr. Denny might finally be getting serious?”

“Not to my knowledge. Still, there’s no way I’m going to pass up a date with a buff trainer from the fitness club, fireworks over Lake Michigan, and a kiss at midnight.”

“A kiss at midnight,” Elizabeth sighed, kind of dreamy-eyed. “Aunt Maddy says being kissed at midnight by someone special is magical, and although I’ve yet to meet that perfect someone, I believe her.”

“Girl, you’ve been watching way too many holiday romance movies on your favorite channel, if you ask me. I could never be like you. At any rate, if you need an escort, you can always ask my brother. I know Johnny isn’t ideal, but he’s okay in a pinch. On second thought, what about that cute drummer from the music store? Didn’t you go out with him a couple of times? Maybe you can take him.”

George Wickham?! I think not! And no, we never dated. Char, your memory fails you. I only agreed to sing backups for that smooth talker’s band at the Lollapalooza Music Festival last summer because he was desperate. Believe me; dating was not part of the chord chart. Besides, I’m hardly interested in a fly-by-night drummer or any freelance musician for that matter. And I’m definitely considering adding your brother to my no-go list of men. If Johnny stands me up for one more transmission or any other mechanical failure, the man is toast. As it turns out, I’ll probably hand him his marching orders once he escorts me to Charles Bingley’s holiday party on Friday. Who knows, I may end up following Jane’s lead and using her professional dating service after all. I mean, who could complain about Mr. Bingley?”

“Are you serious?”

“Absolutely! Charles is exceptional. He’s considerate and has a great sense of humor. Plus, he brings Jane flowers, sends her cards, and takes her out to dinner, concerts, company functions, yada, yada…. And to top it all off, it was Charles Bingley who recommended the Vocalteens for the Pemberley gig. As one of the corporate lawyers who work for the foundation, he was happy to submit my PR materials to the marketing director. Mr. Reynolds thinks our Holiday to Remember medley will be perfect for the charity gala.”

“I agree; it’s bound to be a hit. The kids are already looking pretty good, and you still have until next Thursday to pull it all together for the showcase. Speaking of the gala, I hear the CEO of Darcy Enterprises is pretty hot.” Charlotte wiggled her eyebrows as if in the know. “William Darcy has been in all of the tabloids lately. They say he’s some kind of aloof, mystery man—tall, dark, and handsome. I wonder if he’ll be there.”

William Darcy?” Elizabeth frowned. “His sister, Georgiana, was studying piano with Aunt Maddy at the music store until….” Her voice trailed off. “Are you sure he’s connected to the foundation? Mr. Reynolds never mentioned him.”

“Small world! According to Google, the foundation is run by Darcy Enterprises.” Glancing at the wall clock, Charlotte changed the subject. “It looks like the bell is about to ring, so I’d better head over to my advanced ballet class. Do you still need help tonight with choreography for the opening number?”

“I’d really appreciate it, since I’m going to have my hands full with the pit orchestra. If you can take over while we run through my new arrangements, it would mean one less thing for me to juggle at practice.”

“No problem. I’ll be there. Catch you later.”

“Thanks.”

After Charlotte left, Elizabeth minimized her music program and quickly googled William Darcy, CEO of Darcy Enterprises. “I can’t believe it. It is him! So, Mr. Darcy,” she continued to babble while glaring at the computer screen. “Your Mr. Reynolds booked us for the gala. How was he to know you never wanted to see me again?” She shrugged her shoulders. “Oh well, I guess we’ll just have to make the most of it, won’t we?”

Darcy Modern 3 sm  Lizzy Modern 4

I hope you enjoyed this excerpt and once again, thank you, Regina, for having me today. Please feel free to leave your comments below as I will be giving away two eBooks (International). And if you have a musical experience that you would like to share, that would be great! THE GIVEAWAY WILL END AT MIDNIGHT EST ON TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 20. 

 

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Jennifer Redlarczyk (Jen Red)

My Pinterest page for A Holiday to Remember https://www.pinterest.com/jenred88/a-holiday-to-remember-a-pride-and-prejudice-novell/

A Holiday to Remember on Amazon

https://www.amazon.com/Holiday-Remember-Pride-Prejudice-Novella-ebook/dp/B07K7ZW4ZG/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&qid=1541698774&sr=8-3&keywords=jennifer+redlarczyk

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William Hamilton, an Irishman’s Attempt to Kill Queen Victoria

 

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Kill the Queen!: The Eight Assassination Attempts on Queen Victoria by Barrie Charles

Thursday, 19 May 1849, William Hamilton, a 22-years-old, orphaned, unemployed Irish bricklayer, fired a pistol at the Queen Victoria, as she drove, yet again, down Constitution hill toward Buckingham Palace. This was shortly after the birth of her seventh child. Hamilton had stationed himself in Green Park. On the evening of the official commemoration of her birthday, Queen Victoria rode through Hyde and Regent’s Park with three of her children, including the future King Edward VII. 

The head keeper of Green Park subdued the shooter. Hamilton was turned over to Police-Constable Topley. Topley escort Hamilton to the Palace, where he was turned over to Inspector Walker. Later, Hamilton was taken to the King Street station house and placed in the custody of an Inspector Darkin. According to History.com, Hamilton had immigrate from Ireland to London in the 1840s at the onset of the Irish Famine/Great Hunger. He told the police he had fired the gun loaded only with powder “for the purpose of getting into prison, as he was tired of being out of work.” 

“The prisoner was about twenty-two years of age and was only about five feet six or seven inches tall. He had a fair complexion and hair and was dressed in a flannel jacket, corduroy trousers, black waist coat and cap. His name, he finally admitted, was William Hamilton. He was a bricklayer by trade and an Irishman and an orphan. He was raised in the poor school of the Protestant Orphan Society at Cork in Ireland.” (The Social Historian)

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Shooting Victoria: Madness, Mayhem, and the Rebirth of the British Monarchy by Paul Thomas Murphy

It is said Hamilton was briefly imprisoned for taking part in the Parisian arm of the 1848 European uprisings while he was in France. Hamilton returned to London and, frustrated with Britain’s lack of assistance during the years of the Irish famine, set about killing the Queen. Considered “insane,” Hamilton claimed his intention had been “to frighten the English Queen with a home-made pistol.” Reportedly, realizing the foolishness of such an action, he borrowed an actual pistol from his landlady. Unlike the news report below, Raymond Lamont-Brown in How Fat Was Henry VIII (The History Press, ©2008, page 148) says that the gun had no bullet in it at the time. 

“Upon the learned judges taking their seats upon the bench, the prisoner William Hamilton was placed at the bar, to plead to the indictment charging him with a misdemeanour, having unlawfully discharged a pistol at her Majesty. The indictment alleged that the prisoner, on the 19th day of May, at the parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields, having in his possession a certain pistol loaded with an explosive substance—to wit, gunpowder—unlawfully, wilfully, and maliciously discharged the said pistol at her Majesty, with intent thereby to injury to her person. In other counts of the indictment the intent the prisoner was laid to be to alarm her Majesty, and to cause a breach of the peace. Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser – Saturday 16 June 1849 Hamilton pleaded guilty.” (The Social Historian)

The Chief Justice transported Hamilton “for the term of seven years” as a warning to others. Hamilton sent to a prison colony in Gibraltar to perform hard labor for five years, before disappearing into obscurity  in Freemantle, Western Australia.

 

Barrie Charles, author of The Lucky Queen, gives a bit more information on Hamilton’s last days. “Afterwards, to much merriment, his erstwhile landlord asked the court for his gun back as he had been offered £40 for it, more than a labourer’s annual pay. William was taking to Pentonville and then, with a small group of other convicts, by warship to Gibraltar, where he spent 5 years living on a prison hulk and employed with the hard labour gangs on government works.  Just when he must have been counting the days until his release, he was consigned to another convict ship and taken round the world to Fremantle in Western Australia.  Little is known for certain of his subsequent life, but it appears that he went north and probably worked in one of the lead mines.  Finally, his health  broken, he died at the age of 58 in Perth.”

Other Sources: 

Barrie Charles, Historical Researcher and Author 

Culture Trip 

Helen Rappaport, Queen Victoria, a Biographical Companion 

Sunday Express

 

 

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