Celebrating the Launch of “The Renegade Wife” with Caroline Warfield + a Giveaway

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Entrance to Rideau Canal, Bytown, ca. 1838

Today, I welcome one of my author friends, Caroline Warfield. I love Caroline’s “Dangerous” series, and now she is back with a new series that brings the children from the “Dangerous” series to new lands. 

One of the things I love about writing is…wait for it…travel! That’s my favorite form of research.

In the process of writing The Renegade Wife, I discovered the Rideau Canal. While the canal itself plays a relatively minor role in the book, which is set in the Rideau watershed, I became fascinated with it.

Soon after the War of 1812, the duke of Wellington proposed that Britain build a canal that linked Kingston on Lake Ontario with the mouth of the Rideau River on the Ottawa River, thus bypassing the Saint Lawrence where it was vulnerable to attack by those pesky Americans.

The project was assigned to Lieutenant Colonel John By of the Royal Engineers, who began work in 1826 using local contractors with the design and engineering work done by the Royal Engineers. Most of the actual labor was done by hand using pickaxes and shovels, much of it by French and Irish workers. These men cut through virgin forest and untamed rivers, using existing waterways where feasible and canalizing them where rapids or other features made that impossible. They created lakes, dams, and locks where needed. John By insisted that the

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The author sitting on a lock gate

locks and the canals be wide enough to accommodate steamships, a farsighted idea that greatly increased the value of the canal, but also sharply increased its cost.

Among the notable features are the eight monumental locks at Ottawa, Bytown itself (now called Ottawa) built for the workers, a stone bridge spanning two cliffs at Bytown, and the Stone Arch Dam, a massive sixty-foot dam at Jones Falls which was the largest dam in North America and the third largest in the world when built. They also built blockhouses at strategic points to protect the canal in case of invasion from the south.

An estimated 1000 people died building the canal, approximately 500 of them from malaria, which was particularly virulent at Jones Falls. That number doesn’t include deaths from disease among the women and children who followed the workers.

The canal never served its original military purpose after its completion in 1832. Instead, it served as the gateway to the settlement of Ontario and commercial development. Poor Lieutenant Colonel By was called back to London to account for the cost overruns and died in disgrace. The Rideau, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is still in use, mainly for recreational purposes, and a statue of John By watches over it at Ottawa.unnamed-2.jpg

I confess that I did most of my research about the Rideau via the Internet while I was writing the book. I couldn’t resist a trip to see it for myself, however. We walked across the lock gates at Ottawa and watched boats going up and down the eight giant steps of the locks. We also crossed the dam at Jones Falls, which is impressive today. I can only imagine how it must have awed visitors in the 1820.

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therenegadewifeRand Wheatly, reclusive would-be timber baron, shelters a woman on the run. Now she’s gone again. Can he save her and himself as well?

Betrayed by his cousin and the woman he loved, Rand Wheatly fled England, his dreams of a loving family shattered. He clings to his solitude in an isolated cabin in Upper Canada. Returning from a business trip to find a widow and two children squatting in his house, he flies into a rage. He wants her gone, but her children are sick and injured, and his heart is not as hard as he likes to pretend.

Meggy Blair harbors a secret, and she’ll do whatever it takes to keep her children safe. She’d hopes to hide with her Ojibwa grandmother, if she can find the woman and her people. She doesn’t expect to find shelter with a quiet, solitary man, a man who lowers his defensive walls enough to let Meggy and her children in.

Their idyllic interlude is shattered when Meggy’s brutal husband appears to claim his children. She isn’t a widow, but a wife, a woman who betrayed the man she was supposed to love, just as Rand’s sweetheart betrayed him. He soon discovers why Meggy is on the run, but time is running out. To save them all, Rand must return and face his demons.

Teaser: 

She pushed away from the door. “If you’re finished, I’ll clear up your dishes.

“Damn it woman, I fend for myself here.” He looked her up and down. He noticed her deep blue eyes, midnight black hair, and dusky skin. “What are you? Gypsy? Is that where you learned how to diddle a man out of his belongings?”

She drew her back up straight and squared her shoulders. The gesture pulled her dress tight across obviously ample breasts.

There’s a practiced enticement. She’s in for a surprise if she thinks that trick will work on me.

Chin high, she met his eyes without flinching. “My grandmother is Ojibwa, my father was French, and my husband was a Scot. You can despise whichever one of those your English heart chooses, or all of them, but I am not a thief.”

She grabbed her skirt and took a step toward the door. “Do fend for yourself. We’ll leave as soon as we can.”

“I’ll decide when you’re a thief,” he snarled, bringing her to a halt. “It’s my house.”

For purchase on Amazon.      https://www.amazon.com/Renegade-Wife-Children-Empire-Book-ebook/dp/B01LY7IRT6/

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Series Blurb

Children of Empire

Raised with all the privilege of the English aristocracy, forged on the edges of the British Empire, men and woman of the early Victorian age seek their own destiny and make their mark on history. The heroes and heroines of Caroline’s Dangerous Series overcame challenges even after their happy ending. Their children seek their own happiness in distant lands in Children of Empire.

Caroline’s Other Books

Bookshelf       http://www.carolinewarfield.com/bookshelf/

Dangerous Works    http://amzn.to/1DJj0Hi

Dangerous Secrets   http://tinyurl.com/ph56vnb

Dangerous Weakness  http://amzn.to/2aZj3rr

Dangerous Works, a novella prequel to both Children of Empire and the Dangerous Series (and in which Rand first appears) is available for free at:

Barnes&Noble   Kobo   Amazon  Smashwords

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Meet Caroline Warfield: WarfieldProfile.jpg

Award winning author Caroline Warfield has been many things: traveler, librarian, poet, raiser of children, bird watcher, Internet and Web services manager, conference speaker, indexer, tech writer, genealogist—even a nun. She reckons she is on at least her third act, happily working in an office surrounded by windows while she lets her characters lead her to adventures in England and the far-flung corners of the British Empire. She nudges them to explore the riskiest territory of all, the human heart.

Learn More of Caroline HERE: 

Visit Caroline’s Website and Blog                http://www.carolinewarfield.com/

Meet Caroline on Facebook                         https://www.facebook.com/carolinewarfield7

Follow Caroline on Twitter                            @CaroWarfield

Email Caroline directly                                  warfieldcaro@gmail.com

Subscribe to Caroline’s newsletter            http://www.carolinewarfield.com/newsletter/

Renegade Wife Pinterest Board  http://bit.ly/2aHWOr6

Amazon Author               http://www.amazon.com/Caroline-Warfield/e/B00N9PZZZS/

Good Reads                      http://bit.ly/1C5blTm

Bluestocking Belles      http://bluestockingbelles.net/about/caroline-warfield/

NOW FOR THE GIVEAWAY!!!! To celebrate the launch, Caroline will present a copy of one of her Dangerous Series books to one randomly selected person who comments below. The person can choose from the books found here:

http://www.carolinewarfield.com/bookshelf/

Posted in blog hop, book excerpts, book release, books, British history, buildings and structures, excerpt, giveaway, historical fiction, holidays, publishing, real life tales, romance | Tagged , , , , , , , , , | 9 Comments

Colorful (But Lesser Known) Contemporaries of William Shakespeare, Part I

There are a slew of contemporaries of Shakespeare of which many of you never encountered in your English classrooms, whether high school of university. These are some of the more colorful ones. 

bohem2.JPGBarnaby (Barnabe) Barnes was the third son of Dr Richard Barnes, bishop of Durham. He was baptized in York at St Michael le Belfry Church in March 1571 (although he was reportedly born in 1569). He entered Brasenose College, Oxford in 1586, but did not earn a degree for his father passed in 1587. Dr Barnes left a portion of his estate to each of his six children, and Barnes lived on the income of this bequest. 

In 1591, he traveled with the Earl of Essex to France. On his return he published Parthenophil and Parthenophe, Sonnettes, Madrigals, Elegies and Odes (ent. on Stationers’ Register 1593), dedicated to his “dearest friend,” the poet and nobleman William Percy, who contributed a sonnet to the eulogies prefixed to a later  work, Offices. Parthenophil was possibly printed for private circulation, and the copy in the Duke of Devonshire’s library is believed to be unique.”Parthenophil and Parthenophe” are the names given to the two protagonists in the sonnets, the first name meaning “virgin-lover” and the second “virgin.” Some experts believe the two represent Essex and Queen Elizabeth. At the end of the sonnet cycle,the lover Parthenophil dreams that he uses black magic to compel his unattainable mistress to appear to him naked, whereupon he rapes her. Barnes was known to write sonnets, madrigales, etc. 

Barnes became involved in the pamphlet feud between Gabriel Harvey and Thomas Nashe. Barnes took the part of Harvey, who wanted to impose the Latin rules of quantity on English verse: Barnes even experimented in classical metres himself. This partisanship is sufficient to account for the abuse of Nashe, who accused him, apparently on no proof at all, of stealing a nobleman’s chain at Windsor, and of other things. Prior to this literary assault Barnes had written a sonnet for Harvey’s anti-Nashe pamphlet Pierces Supererogation (1593), in which he labelled Nashe a confidence trickster, a liar, a viper, a laughing stock and mere “worthless matter” who should be flattered that Harvey even deigned to insult him. It is however on record that Barnes was prosecuted in Star Chamber (an English court of law which sat at the royal Palace of Westminster, from the late 15th C to the mid-17th C)  in 1598 for attempting to murder one John Browne, first by offering him a poisoned lemon and then by sweetening his wine with sugar laced with mercury sublimate. Browne fortunately survived the attack and Barnes fled prison before the case concluded. He was not pursued. It seems likely he attempted Browne’s assassination at the behest of Lord Eure, warden of the Middle March and of Berwick upon Tweed, and political string pulling protected him.

592-004-87908D56.jpgJohn Fletcher was a Jacobean playwright, who collaborated with Francis Beaumont and others during the the early 1600s. (baptized 20 December 1579, Rye, Sussex – died 29 August 1625, London, during the plague epidemic).  His father, Richard Fletcher, was minister of the parish in which John was born and became afterward queen’s chaplain, dean of Peterborough, and bishop successively of Bristol, Worcester, and London, gaining a measure of fame as an accuser in the trial of Mary, Queen of Scots, and as the chaplain sternly officiating at her execution. When not quite 12, John was apparently admitted pensioner of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, and two years later became a Bible clerk. From the time of his father’s death (1596) until 1607 nothing is known of him. The family was heavily in debt and Fletcher and his eight siblings suffered. His name is first linked with Beaumont’s in Ben Jonson’s Volpone (1607), to which both men contributed encomiums.

John Fletcher was known for his tragicomedies, and his plays were performed at royal court. Between 1615 and 1642, approximately 40 of the plays the Kings Company performed were attributed to John Fletcher and Francis Beaumont. Their collaborations include the plays Philaster (staged 1609), A King and No King (staged 1611), and The Scornful Lady (staged 1615). Fletcher also collaborated with Shakespeare on The Two Noble Kinsmen (staged around 1613) and Henry VIII (staged 1613). Fletcher’s own work includes The Faithful Shepherdess (staged 1608), which he identified as a “pastoral tragicomedy,” and The Wild Goose Chase (staged around 1612).

Authorship is difficult to identify in the collaborations; Fletcher also wrote plays with Philip Massinger. The two may have worked with two other authors to pen the tragedyThe Bloody Brother (produced around 1621), also referred to as Rollo Duke of Normandy, which includes the poem “Take o take those lips away,” a variation of a poem from Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure; the poem may have been added to a late version of the play.

George_Gascoigne.pngNicholas Breton (born 1553?—died 1625?) was a prolific English writer of religious and pastoral poems, satires, dialogues, and essays. His father, William Breton, a London merchant who had made a considerable fortune, died in 1559, and the widow (née Elizabeth Bacon) married the poet George Gascoigne before her sons had attained their majority. Nicholas Breton was probably born at the “capitall mansion house” in Red Cross Street, in the parish of St Giles without Cripplegate, mentioned in his father’s will. 

There is no official record of his residence at the university, but the diary of the Rev. Richard Madox tells us that he was at Antwerp in 1583 and was “once of Oriel College.” He married Ann Sutton in 1593 and had a family. He is supposed to have died shortly after the publication of his last work, Fantastickes (1626).

Breton’s life was spent mainly in London. He dedicated his works to many patrons, including James I; his chief early patron was Mary Herbert, Countess of Pembroke. In 1598 Breton was accounted one of the best lyrical poets, but he outlived his reputation. His satires are rather mild and general; more successful are the descriptions of simple country pleasures, whether in the pastoral poetry of  The Passionate Shepheard (1604) or in the prose descriptions of the months and the hours in his Fantasticks (1604?), which in some respects anticipates the fashion for character books. Modeled on the Characters of the Greek philosopher Theophrastus, which became available in Latin translation in 1592, these books contained brief sketches, describing a dominant virtue or vice in such characters as the thieving servant, the cringing courtier, the generous patron, or the pious fraud. Breton himself wrote two character books, The Good and the Badde (1616) and Characters Upon Essaies (1615), the latter containing essays as well.

Breton was a prolific author of considerable versatility and gift, popular with his contemporaries, and forgotten by the next generation. His work consists of religious and pastoral poems, satires, and a number of miscellaneous prose tracts. His religious poems are sometimes wearisome by their excess of fluency and sweetness, but they are evidently the expression of a devout and earnest mind. His lyrics are pure and fresh, and his romances, though full of conceits, are pleasant reading, remarkably free from grossness. His praise of the Virgin and his references to Mary Magdalene  have suggested that he was a Roman Catholic, but his prose writings abundantly prove that he was an ardent Anglican. 

Sources: 

“Barnabe Barnes,” Wikipedia

Cox, John D. “Barnes, Barnabe (bap. 1571, d. 1609),” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.

“Nicholas Breton,” Encyclopedia Britannica

“Nicholas Breton,” The Online Books Library

“Nicholas Breton,” Poet’s Corner

“John Fletcher,” Encyclopedia Britannica

“John Fletcher,” Luminarium.

“John Fletcher,” Poetry Foundation

Posted in ballads, British history, drama, Elizabethan drama, Great Britain, playwrights, real life tales, religion, romantic verse | Tagged , , , , , , , | 1 Comment

Call for Philip Morris!!!

Recently, I did a post on the R. J. Reynolds tobacco company and Camel® cigarettes. One of my friends, who smoked Philip Morris for years, asked what I knew of the Philip Morris company beyond the advertising of “Call for Philip Morris!”

philip_morris_tobacconistAccording to Philip Morris International, the history of what is now a global company can be traced back to Mr. Philip Morris’s 1847 opening of a single shop on London’s Bond Street, selling tobacco and ready-made cigarettes. It was called “Philip Morris, Esq., Tobacconist and Importer of Fine Seegars.” 

2584960640_d75df6409f.jpgMorris was previously a London merchant with an aristocratic clientele. He took advantage of the demand for “Russian mode” cigarettes initiated by British soldiers returning from the Crimean War to Victorian London. Morris hired on a group of expert “rollers” imported from Russia, Turkey, and Egypt. These workers turned out expensive brands: Philip Morris Cambridge, Oxford Blues, and Ovals, and they were snapped up the populace. These workers were some of the best in London, and they could turn out some 3000 cigarettes in a typical 10-hours’ day. 

The popularity of Philip Morris brand cigarettes grew, and demand spread to every outpost of Empire. They eventually made their way to the American market. In 1872, Gustav Eckmeyer became the exclusive importer of the cigarettes in New York. In 1902, Eckmeyer helped to organize investors and the manufacturing of cigarettes in America under the brand of New York Philip Morris Corporation. Marlboro® was one of its earliest brands. 

On Mr. Morris’s death, the business was taken over by his wife Margaret and his brother Leopold. In 1881 the Company went public, Leopold Morris joining Joseph Grunebaum to establish Philip Morris & Company and Grunebaum, Ltd. This partnership was dissolved in 1885 and the Company became known as Philip Morris & Co., Ltd.

The Company finally left the founding family’s control in 1894, when it was taken over by William Curtis Thomson and his family. Under Thomson, the Company was appointed tobacconist to King Edward VII and, in 1902, was incorporated in New York, by Gustav Eckmeyer. Ownership was split 50-50 between the British parent and American partners. Eckmeyer had been sole agent for Philip Morris in the U.S. since 1872, importing and selling English-made cigarettes.

about-pmusa-historical-photo.pngAmerican stockholders bought the firm in 1919, and the image created by Philip Morris in that first shop on Bond Street was a major sale point. The company grew in the competitive tobacco industry. 

1919 was a crucial year for the Company. It saw the introduction of the Philip Morris coronet logo, the acquisition of the Philip Morris Company in the U.S. by a new firm owned by American shareholders, and its incorporation in Virginia under the name of Philip Morris & Co., Ltd., Inc. By the end of the next decade, the Company had begun to manufacture cigarettes in its factory in Richmond, Virginia; in 1924, what was to become its most famous brand, Marlboro, was introduced. By the mid-1950s the Company had become a part of American culture, and soon after it launched Philip Morris International (PMI) to manufacture and market its products around the world.

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But what of the signature “Call for Philip Morris!”? How did it come about? John Roventini was a 22-year-old dwarf working as a bell hop at the New Yorker Hotel at the time. Milton Biow and Kenneth Goode were two advertising me. The three got together, and the result was magic. Biow and Goode presented Roventini a card upon which was printed  “Call for Philip Morris.” Roventini, who was known for his charming disposition, took up the task. He strode through the New Yorker’s crowded lobby, singing out the now famous phrase, “Call for Philip Mar-a-iss! Call for Philip Mar-a-iss!”

Roventini’s voice and unique inflections caught the attention of everyone in the lobby. Biow and Goode had not only created an engaging slogan, but had found their pitch man. 

Additional Resources: 

Campbell, Hannah. Why Did They Name It? Fleet Press, ©1964, pages 114-115. 

Philip_Morris_tobacconist.jpgCox, Jim (23 May 2008). Sold on Radio: Advertisers in the Golden Age of Broadcasting. McFarland. p. 205. 

 

Posted in American History, British history, business, commerce, Victorian era | Tagged , , , , , , , | 3 Comments

Recent Winners of “Mr. Darcy’s Present: A Pride and Prejudice Holiday Vagary”

These are the winners chosen over the last few weeks for an eBook copy of Mr. Darcy’s Present: A Pride and Prejudice Holiday Vagary.

Austen Authors – September 12 ~ Eva Edmonds, Alexandra Solano, darcyluvr, MissLaurieMay, Blodeuedd

More Agreeably Engaged – September 17 – PriscillaTeh, Dung Vu, Jen Red, Ginna

Every Woman Dreams – September 19 – Jennifer Hickling, GlendaM, Gerri Bowen, Anita Pelletier

JustJane1813 – September 20 – Anna, Sophia Rose, JanisB

Every Woman Dreams – September 26 – Vesper, Laura Capio, Glynis 

Darcyholic Diversions – September 27 – Anisa Ghofrany, Mary Preston  

Every Woman Dreams – September 29 – spriitofnlmk, ohmeagain, Karen Simpson 

Babblings of a Bookworm – September 30

TRTU eBook Cover

Posted in Uncategorized | 1 Comment

Carolina Book Fest 2016, Arriving October 15, 2016

Carolina Book Fest Intro pic

Book Signing

Carolina Book Fest is a book signing taking place in the Queen City
of Charlotte, North Carolina, on October 15, 2016. The book signing will
be held at the Marriott City Center in downtown Charlotte from 10 AM until 3 PM.
This is the perfect opportunity to meet over 100 bestselling authors from all
genres!  

Monster Mash (After Party)

Join us at 7:30pm back at the Marriott for our Monster Mash! We will be throwing an epic after party to end our night! Dress in your best costume and get ready to mingle with authors and readers!   We will have dancing, a photo booth, and other fun things! A cash bar will be provided at the party. 

Admission Prices

Book Signing: $15

Book Signing & After Party: $25

If you are interested in purchasing tickets to attend Carolina Book Fest 2016, they can be purchased HERE.

Attending Authors

Here is our current list of attending Carolina Book Fest Authors! Check out http://www.carolinabookfest.com/attending-authors to learn more about them!

 

Carolina Book Fest 2016Attending Authors 7_3 updated

Posted in book release, books | Tagged , , , , | Comments Off on Carolina Book Fest 2016, Arriving October 15, 2016

Celebrating the October Birthdays of Some of Our Favorite “Austen” Actors


images-3.jpgHappy October Birthday to some of our favorite actors, who took on roles in an Austen-inspired film. 

 

65th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards - Arrivals

October 1 – Rupert Friend, who portrayed Mr. Wickham in Pride and Prejudice 2005

 

 

images-1October 3 – Lena Headey, who portrayed Lady Catherine De Bourgh in Pride and Prejudice and Zombies 

 

images-2.jpgOctober 4 – Alicia Silverstone, who portrayed Cher Horowitz in Clueless

 

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October 5 – Kate Winslet, who portrayed Marianne Dashwood in Sense and Sensibilla-et-kate-winsletity 1995 

October 6 – Jeremy Sisto, who portrayed Elton in Clueless

 

 

MV5BMTg0MDA2NjQyMF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwNTI2MDIzNA@@._V1_SX640_SY720_article-0-2085EF7400000578-688_306x423October 8 – Martin Henderson, who portrayed William Darcy in Bride and Prejudice

October 10 – Dan Stevens, who portrayed Edward Ferrars in Sense and Sensibility 2008 

 

 

079b0489324a93bf362bf21e04e3beeb9c6db6d3October 10 – Charles Dance, who portrayed Mr. Bennet in Pride and Prejudice and Zombies

 

MV5BMjA3MzYyNDgxNF5BMl5BanBnXkFtZTcwMzgwMDExOA@@._V1_UX214_CR0,0,214,317_AL_matthew-macfadyen-wife-e4da3b7fbbce2345d7772b0674a318d5-image-5October 17 – Guy Henry, who portrayed Mr. Collins in Lost in Austen, as well as John Knightley in 1996 TV Version of Emma

October 17 – Matthew Macfadyen, who portrayed Fitzwilliam Darcy in Pride and Prejudice 2005 

 

Michael-gambon1elliot-cowan-lutherOctober 19 – Michael Gambon, who portrayed Mr. Woodhouse in Emma 2009

October 21 – Elliot Cowan, who portrayed Fitzwilliam Darcy in Lost in Austen 

 

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October 24 – Jemina Rooper, who portrayed Amanda Pride in Lost in Austen

 

 

 

joanna-scanlan-6.jpgOctober 27 – Joanna Scanlan, who portrayed Mrs. Reynolds in Death Comes to Pemberley 

 

MTIwNjA4NjM0MTk5NjM5NTY0.jpgOctober 28 – Matt Smith, who portrayed Mr. Collins in Pride and Prejudice and Zombies

 

imgres.jpgOctober 29 – Paul Daneman, who portrayed Captain Wentworth in Persusasion 1960 (In Remembrance ~ 20 October 1925 to 28 April 2001)

Posted in Austen actors, birthdays, film adaptations, Jane Austen, real life tales | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 5 Comments

Holiday Gift Giving and the Release of Mr. Darcy’s Present + Giveaway

Most people today think of the three gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh as being the original “Christmas presents.” However, we must recall that during the Roman ritual, known as Saturnalia, gifts were exchanged. The pagan rituals demanded that “generosity would be rewarded with good fortune in the coming year.” During the early stages of Christianity, most Christian converts still celebrated their old Roman holidays. When Christmas became an official date on the calendar (approximately the 4th Century A.D.), it was natural to carry over the tradition of giving presents, especially as “Christmas” and “Saturnalia” were celebrated at about the same time of the year. However, that being said, gift giving and the Christmas spirit were not always compatible.

Gift giving on New Year’s Day was a common practice during the Roman rule. This tradition began in the Dark Ages and continued in Britain through Queen Victoria’s reign. saint-nicholas6To this gifting tradition, we might add the legend of St. Nicholas, the bishop of Myra (beginning in the 4th Century). The St. Nicholas legend says the the priest bestowed gifts upon the poor throughout Asia Minor. The images of “Santa Claus” and of “Christmas stockings” can be traced to St. Nicholas’s life’s work. The anniversary of St. Nicholas’s death (December 6) was often marked during the Middle Ages with the bestowing of gifts on children.

Unfortunately, not all who knew of St. Nicholas kept his teaching sacred. Some European rulers demanded gifts of their subjects rather than to spread their wealth around. In the 10th Century, King Wenceslas (a Bohemian duke) began the practice of gift giving in the nature of St. Nicholas. He distributed firewood, food, and clothing to his subjects.

williamtheconquerorOn December 25, 1067, William the Conqueror donated a large sum of money to the Pope. This act planted the seed for change in Eastern Europe and later England and America. In Germany, many chose to give gifts to friends and neighbors anonymously. The Dutch did something similar, but they made it into a “treasure hunt” with written clues to where the gifts were located. The Danes were the first to wrap presents. They would put a small box into a larger one and then another one, etc., etc.

England at this time was under Puritan rule, and gift giving and all things Christmas were banned. The Puritans thought God did not want Jesus’s birthday to be a time of giving to others. Christmas was a day of solemn reflection. That being said, the upper class still gave gifts at New Year’s (a leftover tradition from Roman times). Some families also presented gifts to children on January 6 (old calendar January 17), which is “Twelfth Night” – a symbol of the day when the wise men gave gifts to the baby Jesus, twelve days after the Christ child’s birth.

Clement Moore’s poem “The Night Before Christmas” was an 1820s sensation, and the idea of Christmas gifts became more accepted. Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol emphasized the idea of gift giving, especially giving to the needy. Merchants took the idea to the next level. After the American Civil War, America was the center of “gift giving.” In the 1880s, Christmas gifts became commonplace in England, and by the early 1900s, Christmas had replaced the New Year’s tradition for gifts.

Catlogs, large department stores, dependable mail service, etc., all contributed to the gift giving frenzy known as Christmas. In the U.S., the average person spends $750-1500 on Christmas gifts.

Book Blurb for Mr. Darcy’s Present: A Pride and Prejudice Holiday Vagary

The Greatest Present He Would Ever Receive is the Gift of Her Love…

What if Mr. Darcy purchased a gift for Elizabeth Bennet to acknowledge the festive days even though he knows he will never present it to her? What if the gift is posted to the lady by his servants and without his knowledge? What if the enclosed card was meant for another and is more suggestive than a gentleman should share with an unmarried lady? Join Darcy and Elizabeth, for a holiday romp, loaded with delightful twists and turns no one expects, but one in which our favorite couple take a very different path in thwarting George Wickham and Lydia Bennet’s elopement. Can a simple book of poetry be Darcy’s means to win Elizabeth’s love? When we care more for another than ourselves, the seeds of love have an opportunity to blossom. 

Words of Praise for Mr. Darcy’s Present

Jeffers takes a familiar story and reinvigorates it with humor, warmth, and wisdom. – Roses and Lilacs ReviewsTRTU eBook Cover

Purchase Links:

CreateSpace        Amazon       Kindle        Kobo        Nook   

In Mr. Darcy’s Present, our favorite hero, is not so pleased with the demand of presenting presents to those he loves. It is not as if he is of the nature of Ebenezer Scrooge, rather he prefers to share his admiration with small gifts throughout the year.

Excerpt from Chapter Two of Mr. Darcy’s Present

“What have we here,” Bingley said as he eyed the array of items.

A bold grin claimed Darcy’s lips. “Despite my accident and his service to my person, Sheffield was kind in retrieving the items I previously selected to delight both the Fitzwilliam and Darcy sides of the family tree upon Christmas Day. Come tell me what you think.” He joined his friend before the table. “I would prefer to view many up close, but as this contraption that Harvon has upon my wrist makes me truly all thumbs, I have chosen to admire the more delicate pieces from afar.”

Bingley chuckled and with a dramatic bow said, “I am your squire, sir. Kindly bid me whatever you will.”

Darcy laughed easily in return. “As reason has gone the way of farthingales as to the relevance of Christmas, mayhap you might set the music box to playing. The tune is to be ‘The Holy and the Ivy,’ and I would hear the tone before presenting it to my cousin, Miss De Bourgh.”

Bingley’s eyebrow rose in curiosity as he reached for the item. “Customarily, you present Miss De Bourgh something less personal. Have you changed your mind regarding the lady’s suitability?”

Darcy reluctantly admitted, “Many men do not marry until thirty or beyond for they must first earn their fortunes, but that is not a consideration for me. I have been thinking of marriage often since my sister left the schoolroom. Miss Darcy will require a proper sponsor for her Come Out, and I will require an heir for Pemberley.”

Uncharacteristically, Bingley gazed upon him as if Darcy had escaped Bedlam. “I do not wish to offer an offense, but how might Miss De Bourgh prove an asset for either of those aspirations. By your own accounting, because of her poor health, your cousin has never known Society. Moreover the lady’s poor constitution could affect the possibility of a healthy heir. You cannot be serious in this notion, Darcy. I can think of a dozen women more suitable as the Mistress of Pemberley than Miss De Bourgh.”

“Such as Miss Bingley?” Darcy accused with more irritation than he intended. Even though he recognized Caroline Bingley could be considered a proper candidate to be his wife, her recent manipulations to separate her brother from Miss Bennet had soured Darcy’s opinion of her.

Bingley blanched white. “I am aware of Caroline’s aspirations, and I would celebrate having permission to call you ‘brother,’ but I have never encouraged my sister’s hopes of marrying you any more than you have encouraged her hopes of my choosing Miss Darcy.”

As it rushed forward to claim his conscious thoughts, Darcy pushed away the image of his and Bingley’s claiming family by marrying the Bennet sisters. “I apologize, Bingley. I am still from sorts with my injuries and the after consequences of the laudanum. You are correct regarding Miss De Bourgh’s health, but I am of the persuasion that if Anne were removed from Lady Catherine’s oversight, my cousin would blossom. Moreover, an endogamous marriage would strengthen the Fitzwilliam bloodlines.”

“And what of George Darcy’s bloodlines?” Bingley asked in serious tones. “You owe an allegiance to the Darcys also. It is the name your children will carry.”

“In the end, I must act in a manner that serves my estate best,” Darcy said simply, and Bingley, thankfully, permitted the subject to slip away.

Instead, his friend suggested, “Mayhap I could address the cards for each presentation if you would share your sentiments and later the directions. We could use a calling card so there would be no need for your signature.”

“I appreciate the offer,” Darcy said in grateful tones. He was also obliged to leave behind the prospect that he must choose someone other than Elizabeth Bennet as his life match. Such was not a welcomed thought.

Bingley laughed lightly as he retrieved a quill and ink from where they rested on Darcy’s desk. “You do recall my careless style of writing is quite different from your excellent penmanship?”

“I promise to keep my words to three syllables or less,” Darcy teased. As it was with him every minute since he left her in Hertfordshire, the conversation was another reminder of Elizabeth Bennet’s time at Netherfield and how she had supported Bingley’s defense of his friend’s nonsensical correspondence. Sometimes Darcy wondered if he would ever spend another day without her memory demanding his attention. Another day without her essence invading his heart. Keeping those thoughts private, he instinctively repeated part of what transpired that night at Netherfield, but he added a light-hearted tone. “Know I will not tolerate pride in your defects in writing,” he said with a wry twist of his lips. “No professions of such defects proceeding from a rapidity of thought and a carelessness of execution. Such will not impress me.”

Bingley placed a fist over his heart and playfully said, “I promise.” He placed a straight-back chair closer to the table. “Where do we begin?”

As part of today’s post, I have two eBook copies of Mr. Darcy’s Present for those who comment below. The giveaway will end at midnight on Saturday, October 1.

Posted in book excerpts, book release, Georgian England, Great Britain, holidays, Jane Austen, Living in the Regency, marriage customs, Pride and Prejudice, Regency era, Regency romance, Vagary | Tagged , , , , , , , , | 14 Comments

Robert Southwell, Jesuit Priest and Literary Contemporary of William Shakespeare

url“Robert Southwell was born around 1561 at Horsham St. Faith, Norfolk, the youngest son and fifth child in a family of eight. The Southwells, a county family that had prospered from the dissolution of the monasteries, formed part of a network of wealthy, interrelated families that included the Wriothsleys, Howards, Bacons, and Cecils as well as recusants such as Vaux, Arden, and Copley. Southwell was a studious boy whose father liked to call him ‘Father Robert.’ In 1576 Southwell, like many other boys of his class, was sent overseas to be educated in the Jesuit school at Douai. He would not see England again for ten years. Between the ages of fifteen and seventeen he became convinced of his vocation to a religious life, and in 1578 he was admitted to the noviceship at Rome, where he embarked upon his formation as a Jesuit. In 1581 he transferred from the Roman to the English College, where he became tutor and perfect of studies. He was ordained in 1584 and was sent on the English mission in 1586, landing secretly with his fellow Jesuit Henry Garnet somewhere between Dover and Folkestone in early July. He was about twenty-five years old.

“Christopher Devlin estimated a Catholic priest’s chance of survival in England in 1586 as one in three. Southwell led the active but disguised and secret life of a pastor for six years, working mostly in and around London except for some journeys into the Midlands. For much of this period he lived under the protection of Anne, countess of Arundel, whose husband, the earl, was a prisoner in the Tower of London. In June 1592 the notorious priest hunter Richard Topcliffe succeeded in capturing Southwell. Topcliffe, Elizabeth I’s servant and favorite, “an atrocious psychopath,” in Geoffrey Hill’s  words, was allowed to torture prisoners in his own house. Southwell was in this man’s hands and then in the hands of Privy Council interrogators and torturers for a month; news of his transfer to solitary confinement in the Tower was a relief to his friends.

“After more than two years’ imprisonment he was moved to the notorious cell in Newgate called Limbo, and his trial took place on 20 February 1595 under the statute of 1585, which had made it treason to be a Catholic priest and administer the sacraments in England. He was found guilty and was executed the next day by hanging, drawing, and quartering. At his trial Southwell said that he had been tortured ten times and would rather have endured ten executions. Pierre Janelle, who quotes the records in detail, writes that Southwell made of his trial and execution “a work of art of supreme beauty.” He was thirty-three at his death. Pope Paul VI canonized him on 25 October 1970 as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.

“Southwell wrote most of his English works between the time of his return to England in 1586 and his capture in 1592. As a prisoner he had no access to writing materials. Janelle described his literary career as an ‘apostolate of letters’ and thought that his superiors had instructed him to make writing a part of his missionary activity. This theory was perhaps based on the fact that Southwell and Garnet carried in their instructions permission to print “some small books for the defense of the faith and the edification of Catholics.” Other critics have treated Southwell’s work as versified doctrine, as religious propaganda, as a substitute for preaching, or as the outcome of his Jesuit training in religious faith and discipline by means of the Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius of Loyola. Southwell states in the prefatory material to Mary Magdalen’s Funeral Tears(1591) and to Saint Peter’s Complaint (1595) that he wished to set an example of writing on religious themes in English, but nowhere does he say how or why he began to write.

imgres“His earliest works, dating from his Roman years, are Latin poems preserved at Stonyhurst. Brian Oxley has shown that these youthful poems share the mature Southwell’s habits of thought as well as the verbal artistry found in his English work: “Southwell’s sense of the artifice of holy things, and indeed, of the holiness of artifice, is central to his life and work.” The Latin poems are evidence of a strong, probably irresistible vocation as a writer and poet.

“Southwell’s first full-length English work was the prose An Epistle of Comfort (1587), which originated as a series of pastoral letters written to his hostess’s husband, the earl of Arundel, imprisoned in the Tower for his religion. Southwell published the book on a secret press supplied by the help of the countess—although it is unlikely that the press was actually in Arundel House, as some authorities suggest. Helen C. White has shown that the Epistle of Comfort—a letter written to encourage the persecuted, even to the point of martyrdom—is an example of an ancient Christian genre. It has sixteen chapters, the first eleven devoted to the various sources of comfort for the afflicted Catholics.

“Southwell begins modestly and generally, pointing out that suffering is a sign that his readers are out of the devil’s power, loved by God, and imitators of Christ. Suffering, he argues, is inseparable from human life and in most cases is no more than the sufferer deserves. Then, at midpoint, he turns to the peculiar situation of the recusants, beginning with the argument that there is comfort in suffering for the Catholic faith. He then presents a series of all-too-real possibilities, starting with general persecution and ascending through imprisonment and violent death to martyrdom itself. The concluding chapters deal with the unhappiness of the lapsed, the impossibility of martyrdom for the heretic, the glory that awaits the martyr, and, lastly, a warning to the persecutors. The content and the style are much influenced by the patristic authors whom Southwell quotes so deftly; the tone is measured, unyielding, even triumphant. In Southwell’s mind, the Catholics’ suffering is a direct consequence of the Protestant heresy, and that in turn is a manifestation of the perennial evil of earthly life. To bear its effects is an honor: “Let our adversaries therefore load us with the infamous titles of traitors and rebels.” (Poetry Foundation)

In “The Burning Babe,” the poet (through the narrator) tells of a cold winter night in which he felt a sudden heat. Looking up he discovers a burning babe, who is weeping. The child says, “I am newly born. My faultless breast is my furnace, and justice gives it fuel. But no men come to warm themselves at this fire. The metals in the fire are the defiled souls of men.” 

“For which, as now on fire I am to work them to their good/So will I melt into a bath to wash them in my blood.”

When the babe had finished talking, the poet realized that was Christmas Day. 

This particular poem is an allegory full of religious imagery and is typical of Southwell’s work. Although many of the figures are not particularly poetic (such as…”in fiery heats I fry”) nevertheless, the tone as a whole is quietly passionate and impressive. 

From 1584 until 1592, Robert, an ordained priest, conducted missionary labors in London. Arrested, he remained in jail for three years before being martyred at Tybum. He passed on 21 February 1595. He is one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales, canonized in 1970.

Additional Resources:

Catholic Online

Luminarium

Wikipedia  

Posted in legacy, poetry | Tagged , , , | 2 Comments

Best Intentions ~ Celebrating the Release of “Mr. Darcy’s Present” + Excerpt + Giveaway

I admit it. I love autumn. Here in North Carolina for the past two summers we have had a string of 90+ degrees days. This year, since May 27, we have had 82 such days. The lowest temperature we have experienced in three months is 83. So, I am thankful for the latter days of September and the early days of October when the heat and the humidity take a backseat. We will still receive a few days of 85+ degrees until November, but the heat eases, and people start thinking of the upcoming holidays.

Moreover, in my family, we have a series of birthdays between now and year’s end. I turned a sweet 69 years on September 17. [There was a time I thought being 69 meant one was ANCIENT! Not so much now.] My granddaughter Annalise turns 3 in early October. My stepson Tim will be 40 on Halloween. My grandson James will be 5 in early November, and his father (my son) Josh will be 32 in mid November. We have Thanksgiving in the States at the end of November [which included my late mother’s birthday] and Christmas in December. And the much anticipated event at the beginning of January will be a new grandchild. So you can see how my heart grows lighter once the heat of summer disappears.

On one of those recent hot summer evenings, I was speaking to my long time friend Charlotte on the phone, and is customary between us, we were reminiscing about some crazy antics from our childhood. Soon, I was telling her about the year I received four Easter baskets. This was a monumental event for my parents were separated in a time when divorce was still not “accepted.” My mother did not know whether she could scrap up enough money to purchase an Easter basket, and so she had prepared me for disappointment. Then God smiled on my 10-year-old self for my grandfather bought me a basket, our neighbors, who had no children of their own, did likewise, the woman for whom my mother worked presented me with a third one, and my mother was the bearer of the fourth. It was too much chocolate for one child, but I rationed it out to last a LONG time. What was odd about each was that somehow the little note from the presenters were mixed up, and I kept thanking the wrong people for the chocolate bunnies or the jelly beans. Soon the situation became a family source of laughter.

After our conversation between Charlotte and me ended, I held that special moment with me for several hours and into my slumber. As is customary for my writing, soon the idea for a new novel took root, and I decided to write a light-hearted sweet Christmas story with Darcy and Elizabeth. In this tale of Mr. Darcy’s Present, Darcy purchases a small gift for Elizabeth, one he never expects to present her – more one to ease his troubled soul after her rejection of his hand. Unfortunately, the note he sets with the gift becomes mixed up with the ones intended for Georgiana, Anne de Bourgh, and Darcy’s long-time friend Mrs. Osborne. Each of the women receives the wrong note, which causes our favorite hero more than one embarrassing moment.

So, here is a sample of Darcy’s dilemma. I hope you enjoy it.

TRTU eBook Cover

Book Blurb: The Greatest Present He Would Ever Receive is the Gift of Her Love…

What if Mr. Darcy purchased a gift for Elizabeth Bennet to acknowledge the festive days even though he knows he will never present it to her? What if the gift is posted to the lady by his servants and without his knowledge? What if the enclosed card was meant for another and is more suggestive than a gentleman should share with an unmarried lady? Join Darcy and Elizabeth, for a holiday romp, loaded with delightful twists and turns no one expects, but one in which our favorite couple take a very different path in thwarting George Wickham and Lydia Bennet’s elopement. Can a simple book of poetry be Darcy’s means to win Elizabeth’s love? When we care more for another than ourselves, the seeds of love have an opportunity to blossom.

Words of Praise for Mr. Darcy’s Present

Jeffers takes a familiar story and reinvigorates it with humor, warmth, and wisdom.

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He set Bingley’s letter aside and quickly read through the other three. Deciding he could do no more until he summoned Sheffield to be his scribe in Bingley’s absence, he carried all four pieces to his study to search through his ledger for the necessary information for his correspondence. However, the empty table where the gifts once rested brought him up short. Swallowing hard against the realization the gift for Elizabeth was also among the missing, he turned to a passing footman to say, “Please ask Mr. Thacker and Mr. Sheffield to attend me here immediately.”

Darcy braced his weight against the doorframe for he did not think his legs would support him. “Surely there is a logical explanation,” he murmured to still the racing of his heart.

An out of breath Thacker came to a halt behind Darcy. “Is there something amiss, Mr. Darcy?”

Darcy did not look upon his servant. Thacker’s tone spoke of the butler’s concern. “May I inquire of the items that were on the table only yesterday?”

Thacker responded in uncertainty. “As Christmas Eve day is but four days hence, you instructed Mr. Sheffield to dispatch the assortment to the proper parties, sir. With the assistance of Mrs. Guthrie and one of the maids, the items were wrapped with paper and string. Mr. Sheffield made certain each parcel had the proper directions while I arranged for the various riders. Even Miss Darcy’s items were sent ahead to Rosings, sir.”

Cautiously, Darcy asked, “There were several items without a recipient’s name. What of those?”

“I cannot say, sir. But here comes Mr. Sheffield. He can speak to your concerns.”

Thinking it best that he interview his valet in private, Darcy motioned Sheffield into the room and closed the door. “Has something amiss occurred, sir?” Sheffield asked with the confidence of a long employed upper servant. Darcy walked toward the far side of the room to prevent anyone from eavesdropping at the door, and Sheffield followed with Darcy’s prompting. “Mr. Thacker informed me that you organized the distribution of the gifts you purchased in my name. Is that correct?”

“Yes, sir.” The confidence had disappeared from the valet’s features. “You presented me specific instructions last evening when you summoned me to assist with your undressing.”

“The same evening hours that, by your own words, I consumed both laudanum and brandy?”

Sheffield swallowed harder. “Yes, sir, but in my defense, at the time you did not appear unclear with your wishes. It was only after you did not wake promptly this morning and after Mrs. Guthrie mentioned your consumption of the brandy that I knew alarm. Your breathing was very shallow for several hours. I asked Thacker to place Nott on alert, but although you refused to arouse completely, Nott assured us it was only a matter of time for the dosage of laudanum to wear away.”

Darcy grumbled, “No more laudanum!”

“But Doctor Nott says…” Sheffield began.

“No more!” Darcy demanded. “Although I admire Nott’s noted knowledge, the physician is too free in dispensing the opiate, and I specifically requested that I not consume the mixture again. I do not appreciate your undermining my orders, even when you think you are serving my interests.” Darcy shot a glance again to the table, almost wishing to view the book and the pin still upon it. “So when exactly did you send out the parcels?”

“All were on their way by nine of the clock, sir.” His servant’s eyes were upon the floor.

“I thought you watched over me?” Darcy asked suspiciously.

“Last evening, after leaving your quarters, I came to your study and wrote out a list of the necessary directions for each parcel. I thought it odd that you chose to post the items for the Matlocks and the De Boughs, as you would customarily place them in your carriage, but I assumed you worried that your injuries could cause you a delay.”

Darcy asked the question to which he had no desire to know the answer for it would turn his life upside down. “And what of the book and the stick pin? The card held no recipient’s name.”

“As neither you or Mr. Bingley chose to sign the card, I assumed the items a gift for someone special. You did not use the initialed cards for that one particular gift. After Mr. Bingley’s man told Thacker that his master was to Hertfordshire, your instructions of last evening for the gift to be sent in Miss Elizabeth’s care made more sense.”

Dread settled in Darcy’s chest. “To Miss Elizabeth? I told you to have the presentation sent into Miss Elizabeth Bennet’s care?”

Confusion returned to Sheffield’s features. “Yes, sir.”

“Again,” Darcy demanded, “this occurred last evening, before I took to my bed?” Darcy did not yet know whether to sack everyone involved or to laugh at the absurdity of the situation.

Sheffield cleared his throat a second time. “Did you not assist in Mr. Bingley’s pursuit of Miss Bennet? It was all quite obvious to the gentleman’s staff in Hertfordshire that Mr. Bingley held the lady in regard. I assumed the message was on the plain card and not signed because Mr. Bingley had yet to know the lady’s heart. You instructed Mr. Bingley, did you not, sir, that a book of poetry, which women appreciate more than men, and an engagement jeweled pin, a gift ‘not too ornate,’ as you declared would be perfect to earn Miss Bennet’s regard. I supposed Mr. Bingley left instructions to send the gift to the lady’s sister, for Miss Elizabeth would have most certainly agreed to assist in Mr. Bingley’s efforts. Mr. Bingley could not offer Miss Bennet the gift until there was an understanding between him and the lady, and with Christmastide, the gentleman would not wish to risk having no gift when the lady accepted his hand. What other explanation could there be?”

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I HAVE TWO eBOOKS of Mr. Darcy’s Present AVAILABLE AS A GIVEAWAY TO THOSE WHO COMMENT BELOW. THE GIVEAWAY ENDS AT MIDNIGHT, SEPTEMBER 29, 2016. 

Posted in Austen Authors, book excerpts, book release, Georgian England, historical fiction, holidays, Jane Austen, Living in the Regency, marriage, marriage customs, marriage licenses, medicine, Pride and Prejudice, Regency era, Regency romance, romance, tradtions, Vagary | Tagged , , , , , , | 24 Comments

Are You Familiar with These Words and Phrases?

043973228x_rgb4_xlgI love unusual words and phrases and often make note of them as I read. Today, we have a nice mix. 

As Nice as Ninepence means neat, tidy, well-ordered. Phrase Finder tells us that the origin of the phrase may include the variants, ‘as right as ninepence’ and ‘as neat as ninepence.’ 

as nice as ninepenceThere are suggestions that this expression derives from from ‘as nice as ninepins.’ In the game of Ninepins (Skittles) the pins are set out in a square. For the game to be fair this must be done neatly and accurately or, in the old parlance, nicely. There are no early records of ‘as nice as ninepins’ in print, which we might expect if the ‘ninepence’ version derived from it. The ‘ninepins’ form, in the guise of ‘as smart as ninepins’ isn’t found until the 20th century, so it is reasonable to assume that it is a simple mishearing of the earlier ‘as neat/clean/grand as ninepence’ versions.

We find the earliest known recorded form of the phrase is ‘as neat as ninepence’; the first citation is in James Howell’s English Proverbs, 1659:

“As fine as fippence, as neat as nine pence.”

as nice as ninepenceThe ‘fippence’ (five pence) here makes it clear that the reference is to money rather than to skittles. For it to appear in a list of sayings viewed as proverbial it must have been in existence for some time before 1659. There was a ninepence coin in circulation in the 16th and 17th centuries, although there was nothing especially neat or nice about it. The rhyming and alliterative style of the citation suggests that the ‘neat’ and ‘nice’ were chosen just for that reason. [When I originally went looking for this phrase, I sought out ninepence to nothing.”]

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Next, I have clever about his fambles.” I could not find this one as written, but we could break down the meaning. As a noun, “famble” was a form of obsolete slang meaning “hand.” The word came from the Old English famelen, and as a verb it means “to stammer.” In James Joyce’s “Ulysses,” we find, “White thy fambles, red the gan/And thy quarrons dainly is./Couch a hogshead with me then./In the darkmans clip and kiss.”

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Bamboozle” is a word meaning  1.to deceive or get the better of (someone) by trickery, flattery, or the like; humbug; hoodwink(often followed by into); 2.to perplex; mystify; confound. The origin comes from 1695-1705. Bamboozle is one of those words that has been confounding etymologists for centuries. No one knows for sure what its origins are. One thing we do know is that it was originally considered “low language,” at least among such defenders of the language as British.

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It won’t fadge can be found in The 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue, originally by Francis Grose. It means “it won’t do.” Its origin lie in the Anglo-Saxon,fægen, to fit together; Welsh, ffag, what tends to unite. In literature, we find, “How will this fadge?” from Shakespeare: Twelfth Night, ii. 2. It could also mean a “farthing ~ A corrupt contraction of fardingal, i.e. farthingale. (See Chivy.) Source: Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, E. Cobham Brewer, 1894.

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Earwig is a verb meaning “to eavesdrop on a conversation.” The archaic meaning is “influence (someone) by secret means or to fill the mind of with prejudice by insinuations.” Old English ēarwicga, from ēare ‘ear’ + wicga ‘earwig’ (probably related to wiggle ). “Earwigging” is any of numerous elongate, nocturnal insects of the order Dermaptera, having a pair of large,movable pincers at the rear of the abdomen.The insect is so named because it was once thought to crawl into the human ear. The word comes from the Middle English. 

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Humbug comes to us from 1751, student slang, “trick, jest, hoax, imposition, deception,” of unknown origin. Also appearing as a verb at the same time, “deceive by false pretext” (trans.). A vogue word of the early 1750s; its origin was a subject of much whimsical speculation even then. “[A]s with other and more recent words of similar introduction, the facts as to its origin appear to have been lost, even before the word became common enough to excite attention” [OED]. Meaning “spirit of deception or imposition; hollowness, sham” is from 1825.

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types-linen-fabric-800x800

Holland linens

From Jane Austen in Vermont, we learn the meaning of Holland Covers.” “One of my most favorite scenes in a movie is the opening of the 1995 Persuasion and the slow-motion laying on of the “holland covers” to protect all the Kellynch furniture as the Elliots retrench to Bath.  One can read just about any book of historical fiction and see this term used to refer to furniture coverings:  “shrouded in holland covers” or some such reference.  It is such a common reference in today’s historical fiction writings, and one reads along, knowing what it means, but where does the term come from? and most important of all, did Jane Austen ever use the term? 

“I have a book titled Regency Furniture, by Clifford Musgrave, and there is much on Henry Holland, and I recall when I first bought this book that I thought perhaps this is where the term originated – Holland designed furniture, so coverings for said furniture could be called ‘holland covers’ – no?  Holland was the architect appointed by the Prince Regent [then the Prince of Wales] to rebuild and refurbish Carlton House, the Prince’s London establishment since 1783.”

At British History Online, we find history of the import of holland linen:   

Holland and its neighbours were major producers of LINEN of all grades, the finest of which was usually designated simply as HOLLAND or HOLLAND CLOTH. It was much used for making the highest quality of NAPERY and BED LINEN above those made of DIAPER, HUCKABACK, FLAXEN CLOTH, HEMPEN CLOTH and TOW.

OED earliest date of use: 1617

Found described as PLAIN

A Dictionary of Costume and Fashion by Mary Brooks Picken [Dover, 1999] says the following under “Holland”: 

Closely woven linen fabric originally made in Holland.  The first Hollands were made of this fabric [i.e. a form-fitting foundation made by big establishments for special customers and used as a size guide in cutting and draping to save fittings] – a linen or fine cotton in plain weave, sized and often glazed [p. 175];

and under “Linens”:  firm, course, plain-woven, linen, unbleached or partly bleached, glazed and unglazed; originally from Holland.  Used for aprons, furniture covers, window shades, dress-form covers, etc. [p. 213]

And in Inside the Victorian Home: A Portrait of Domestic life in Victorian England, by Judith Flanders [Norton, 2004]:  

As the second half of the century progressed, hygiene became the overriding concern.  Mrs. Panton, still distressed about bedroom carpets, remembered a carpet that had spent twenty years on the dining room floor, “covered in Holland in the summer,” and preserved from winter wear by the most appallingly frightful printed red and green ‘felt square’ I ever saw.” [with a note:  Holland was a hard-wearing linen fabric, usually left undyed.  It was much used in middle- and upper-class households to cover and protect delicate fabrics and furniture.”  [p.  43] 

 

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Someone steals your thunder when they use your ideas or inventions to their own advantage. Phrase Finder tells us the Origin: Devices that produce the sound of thunder have been called on in theatrical productions for centuries. The methods used include – rolling metal balls down troughs, grinding lead shot in bowls, shaking sheets of thin metal. The latter device, called a thunder sheet, is still in use today. The bowl method was referred to in Alexander Pope’s literary satire The Dunciad, published in 1728:

With Shakespeare’s nature, or with Johnson’s art,
Let others aim: ‘Tis yours to shake the soul
With Thunder rumbling from the mustard bowl.

John DennisThe story that lies behind ‘stealing someone’s thunder‘ is that of the literary critic and largely unsuccessful playwright, John Dennis. In 1704, Dennis’s play Appius and Virginia was produced at the Drury Lane Theatre, London and he invented a new method of creating the sound of thunder for the production. We don’t know now what this method was (some texts say it was a refinement of the mustard bowl referred to by Pope, in which metal balls were rolled around in a wooden bowl), but it is reported that after Appius and Virginia failed and was closed, the method was soon afterwards used in a production of Macbeth. Dennis was less than pleased at having his idea purloined and this account of his response was recorded by the literary scholar Joseph Spence (1699–1768) and later quoted in W. S. Walsh’s Literary Curiosities, 1893:

“Damn them! They will not let my play run, but they steal my thunder.”

The actual words are in doubt and are also reported as “That is my thunder, by God; the villains will play my thunder but not my play!”. What is clear is that Dennis’s experience was the source of this attractive little phrase.

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From World Wide Words, we find “dab hand.” This is mainly a British Commonwealth phrase, commonly used in sentences such as “My son has become a dab hand at renovating cast-off computers”. We’re able to trace its origin back to the end of the seventeenth century, but then the trail runs into the sand.

The phrase dab hand turns up first in the early nineteenth century and is widely recorded in English regional and dialect usage through the century. The first recorded use of dab by itself in a related sense is in the Athenian Mercuryof 1691. It’s also in the Dictionary of the Canting Crew of 1698-99: a dab there is “an exquisite expert” in some form of roguery. The US word dabster for an expert comes from the same source, and is recorded from about the same time. Dab is often reported as being school slang, but that may be a later development, as the early sightings all seem to have had criminal associations.

Nobody is even sure where the original dab came from: it may be linked to the Old Dutch dabben and German tappen. The verb first appears about 1300, when it meant to give somebody a sharp blow; it weakened in sense over time, until in the sixteenth century it arrived at its modern meaning of pressing lightly and repeatedly with something soft (the criminal slang dabs for fingerprints seems to derive from this sense, perhaps with a nod towards dab hand). It’s difficult to see how the idea of expertise grew out of the various senses of dab and it’s possible that in this sense it is a separate word, perhaps from adept.

Posted in etymology, word origins | Tagged , , | 3 Comments